<i>Wheat streak mosaic virus</i> Coat Protein Deletion Mutants Elicit More Severe Symptoms Than Wild-Type Virus in Multiple Cereal Hosts

Satyanarayana, T.; Elowsky, Christian; Graybosch, Robert A.

doi:10.1094/mpmi-07-17-0182-r

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…WSMV CP contains three flexible linker motifs: SGSGS‐1 (36–40 amino acids), SGSGS‐2 (43–47 amino acids) and SGSGS‐3 (53–57 amino acids). Deletion of these motifs, either individually or jointly, elicits symptoms similar to the wild‐type (Tatineni et al ., ). The CP amino acids 6–27 and 85–100 are required for efficient virion assembly and/or systemic infection and cell‐to‐cell movement (Tatineni and French, ).…”

Section: Causal Agent Of the Diseasementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The CP amino acids 6–27 and 85–100 are required for efficient virion assembly and/or systemic infection and cell‐to‐cell movement (Tatineni and French, ). Deletions in the N‐terminal region (58–84 amino acids) of the CP enhance the accumulation of CP and genomic RNA, alter CP‐specific protein profiles and cause severe symptom phenotypes in multiple cereal hosts, including wheat, maize, rye and barley (Tatineni et al ., ). The N‐terminal region of WSMV CP is a host‐ and strain‐specific long‐distance transport factor (LTF) in maize.…”

Section: Causal Agent Of the Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies by Tatineni et al . () have shown that deletion of CP amino acids 58–84 leads to the development of serious chlorotic streaks and spots, followed by acute chlorosis in wheat, maize, barley and rye, compared with mild to moderate chlorotic streaks and mosaic symptoms caused by wild‐type WSMV.…”

Section: Disease Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wheat streak mosaic virus: a century old virus with rising importance worldwide

Singh

Wegulo

Skoracka

et al. 2018

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) causes wheat streak mosaic, a disease of cereals and grasses that threatens wheat production worldwide. It is a monopartite, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus and the type member of the genus Tritimovirus in the family Potyviridae. The only known vector is the wheat curl mite (WCM, Aceria tosichella), recently identified as a species complex of biotypes differing in virus transmission. Low rates of seed transmission have been reported. Infected plants are stunted and have a yellow mosaic of parallel discontinuous streaks on the leaves. In the autumn, WCMs move from WSMV-infected volunteer wheat and other grass hosts to newly emerged wheat and transmit the virus which survives the winter within the plant, and the mites survive as eggs, larvae, nymphs or adults in the crown and leaf sheaths. In the spring/summer, the mites move from the maturing wheat crop to volunteer wheat and other grass hosts and transmit WSMV, and onto newly emerged wheat in the fall to which they transmit the virus, completing the disease cycle. WSMV detection is by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Three types of WSMV are recognized: A (Mexico), B (Europe, Russia, Asia) and D (USA, Argentina, Brazil, Australia, Turkey, Canada). Resistance genes Wsm1, Wsm2 and Wsm3 have been identified. The most effective, Wsm2, has been introduced into several wheat cultivars. Mitigation of losses caused by WSMV will require enhanced knowledge of the biology of WCM biotypes and WSMV, new or improved virus detection techniques, the development of resistance through traditional and molecular breeding, and the adaptation of cultural management tactics to account for climate change.

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Section: Causal Agent Of the Diseasementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Causal Agent Of the Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Wheat streak mosaic virus: a century old virus with rising importance worldwide

Singh

Wegulo

Skoracka

et al. 2018

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…Resultant cDNA was used as a template for PCR to examine the stability of P7 or P7-W219A ORFs inserted into the PVX genome with primers Tr-206 and Tr-207 as described in Gupta et al (2018). Total RNA extracted from wheat seedlings inoculated at 10 or 21 dpi, and used for random-primed reverse transcription, followed by diagnostic PCR with primers XV1 and XC1 (Tatineni et al, 2017) and confirmation of the presence of inserted sequences with W-479 and W-481 as described in Gupta et al (2018). Total RNA extracted from PVX-WT, PVX-P7, or PVX-P7-W219A infected N. benthamiana leaves at 21 and 28 dpi was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) with primers G-35 and G-36 for determining fold change of PVX genomic RNA accumulation as described in Gupta et al (2018).…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reaction Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

P7 and P8 proteins of High Plains wheat mosaic virus, a negative-strand RNA virus, employ distinct mechanisms of RNA silencing suppression

2019

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A B S T R A C THigh Plains wheat mosaic virus (genus Emaravirus), an octapartite negative-sense RNA virus, encodes two RNA silencing suppressors, P7 and P8. In this study, we found that P7 and P8 efficiently delayed the onset of dsRNA-induced transitive pathway of RNA silencing. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) revealed that only P7 protected long dsRNAs from dicing in vitro and bound weakly to 21-and 24-nt PTGS-like ds-siRNAs. In contrast, P8 bound strongly and relatively weakly to 21-and 24-nt ds-siRNAs, respectively, suggesting size-specific binding. In EMSA, neither protein bound to 180-nt and 21-nt ssRNAs at detectable levels. Sequence analysis revealed that P7 contains a conserved GW motif. Mutational disruption of this motif resulted in loss of suppression of RNA silencing and pathogenicity enhancement, and failure to complement the silencing suppression-deficient wheat streak mosaic virus. Collectively, these data suggest that P7 and P8 proteins utilize distinct mechanisms to overcome host RNA silencing for successful establishment of systemic infection in planta.

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“…The CP cistron of WSMV is unique in that it tolerates extensive deletions and point mutations at the aminoproximal and carboxy-terminal regions for systemic infection of wheat [45,51,52]. Moreover, WSMV mutants lacking CP amino acids 36-84 accumulated more efficiently in wheat compared to wild-type virus [51,53]. The role of CP in WSMV transmission by the WCM was examined using deletion and point mutations and found that CP amino acids 58-100 are required for WCM transmission (Figure 2bA; [54 ]).…”

Section: Wsmv Determinants For Transmission By the Wcmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and mechanisms underlying transmission of Wheat streak mosaic virus by the wheat curl mite

Satyanarayana

Hein

2018

Current Opinion in Virology

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Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV, genus Tritimovirus; family Potyviridae) is the most economically important virus of wheat in the Great Plains region of the USA. WSMV is transmitted by the eriophyid wheat curl mite (WCM), Aceria tosichella Keifer. In contrast to Hemipteran-borne plant viruses, the mode and mechanism of eriophyid mite transmission of viruses have remained poorly understood, mostly due to difficulty of working with these ∼200 μm long microscopic creatures. Among eriophyid-transmitted plant viruses, relatively extensive work has been performed on population genetics of WCMs, WSMV determinants involved in WCM transmission, and localization of WSMV virions and inclusion bodies in WCMs. The main focus of this review is to appraise readers on WCM, WSMV encoded proteins required for WCM transmission and further details and questions on the mode of WSMV transmission by WCMs, and potential advances in management strategies for WCMs and WSMV with increased understanding of transmission.

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Wheat streak mosaic virus Coat Protein Deletion Mutants Elicit More Severe Symptoms Than Wild-Type Virus in Multiple Cereal Hosts

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Wheat streak mosaic virus: a century old virus with rising importance worldwide

Wheat streak mosaic virus: a century old virus with rising importance worldwide

P7 and P8 proteins of High Plains wheat mosaic virus, a negative-strand RNA virus, employ distinct mechanisms of RNA silencing suppression

Genetics and mechanisms underlying transmission of Wheat streak mosaic virus by the wheat curl mite

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