Ice‐lobe formation and function during the deglaciation in Finland and adjacent Soviet Karelia

Kurimo, Heikki

doi:10.1111/j.1502-3885.1982.tb00522.x

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The significance of the lobate pattern in the ice sheet was especially emphasized by Punkari (1980), who introduced the names North Karelian (ice) lobe and Finnish Lake District lobe for the two major ice lobes of the deglaciation phase in Northern Karelia. These names were adopted in later studies (Lyytikainen 1982;Kurimo 1982;Salminen & Hartikainen 1985;Salonen 1986) and are used in the present paper.…”

Section: The Deglaciation Of Northern Kareliamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The southwestern edge of the North Karelian lobe obviously receded faster than the other parts, probably because of the creation of a relatively deep ice-calving bay between the quartzite hills on the western margin of the supra-aquatic area and the front of the Lake District lobe NW of Kiihtelysvaara (Kv) (cf. Kurimo 1982). Meltwater flowed from both ice lobes into this wedge-shaped embayment, accumulating thick layers of glaciofluvial material and giving rise to several delta plains, which are connected to Jaamankangas (Jk) by 'feeding eskers'.…”

Section: Matti Eronen and Heikki Vesajokimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deglaciation pattern indicated by the ice‐margin formations in Northern Karelia, eastern Finland

Eronen

Vesajoki

1988

Boreas

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A map has been reconstructed representing the large‐scale glacial and glaciofluvial morphology of Northern Karelia and the adjacent area of Soviet Karelia. Observations have been made on the directions of glacial striae and on the distribution of sub‐aquatic and supra‐aquatic terrain in order to obtain a consistent picture of the course of deglaciation in the area and the factors affecting it. The map indicates that the behaviour of the glacier during the deglaciation was largely governed by the distribution of sub‐aquatic and supra‐aquatic areas. The marginal zone of the ice sheet was divided into two large lobes in this area. The Finnish Lake District Lobe terminated mostly in water, giving rise to massive glaciofluvial accumulations, while the North Karelian Lobe flowed on the land above the highest shore levels, pushing up several more or less discontinuous narrow end‐moraine ridges. Relatively large glaciofluvial deposits were also formed in the supra‐aquatic area in places where the ice margin terminated in a local ice‐dammed lake. It is evident that the Salpausselkä I and II end‐moraines extend as continuous formations only to the zone where the former ice margin rose onto dry land during the deglaciation phase. The spatial and temporal differences in the glacial dynamics and differing depositional environments gave rise to the complex glacial morphology of Northern Karelia.

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Section: The Deglaciation Of Northern Kareliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Matti Eronen and Heikki Vesajokimentioning

confidence: 99%

Deglaciation pattern indicated by the ice‐margin formations in Northern Karelia, eastern Finland

Eronen

Vesajoki

1988

Boreas

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“…Lunkka et al 2004). Aartolahti 1972;Kurimo 1982;Nenonen 1995;Punkari 1997). The Finnish Lake District lobe (FLD lobe) formed during the Younger Dryas and affected the deposition of the long and arcuate Salpausselkä I-II ice-marginal complexes in SE Finland (cf.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The Finnish Lake District lobe (FLD lobe) formed during the Younger Dryas and affected the deposition of the long and arcuate Salpausselkä I-II ice-marginal complexes in SE Finland (cf. Aartolahti 1972;Kurimo 1982;Nenonen 1995;Punkari 1997). The original southwestern interlobate margin of the FLD lobe ran roughly N along Lake Päijänne and then NW towards Lohtaja prior to the re-advance of the neighbouring Näsijärvi-Jyväskylä lobe (Punkari 1980), which complicates the determination of its exact position.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sedimentology of an ice lobe margin esker with implications for the deglacial dynamics of the Finnish Lake District lobe trunk

Ahokangas

Mäkinen

2013

Boreas

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Mäkinen, J. 2014 (January): Sedimentology of an ice lobe margin esker with implications for the deglacial dynamics of the Finnish Lake District lobe trunk.We provide evidence for the subglacial to ice-marginal successive deposition of the Lohtaja-Kivijärvi ice lobe margin esker influenced by the changes in the meltwater delivery and proglacial water depth within the Finnish Lake District lobe trunk during the last deglaciation in Finland. The study is mostly based on the sedimentological data from the 100 km long esker chain with 15 logged sites. The long breaks in the lobe margin esker and the re-emerged deposition along the stable position of the subglacial meltwater route were related to the discontinuities and reappearances of the neighbouring eskers. This considerable variability in the meltwater discharge and debris transport under the described deglacial conditions cannot be explained by markedly decreased meltwater production due to palaeoclimatic factors or lack of debris within the trunk region. The primary control on the changes in meltwater availability and related esker deposition was thus due to the spatial and temporal changes in ice mass properties and shifting of the meltwater flow paths within the trunk. These changes were initiated by the topographically higher and partly supra-aquatic Suomenselkä watershed area with subsequent deepening of the proglacial water during the deglaciation. The understanding of the long-lived esker deposition along the former ice-stream trunk margin adds to the evaluation of palaeoglaciological reconstructions and geomorphologically based spatial models for ice-stream landscapes.

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“…In Finland, in the central part of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS), ice lobe identification until now has been based on morphological reconstruction of moraine and glaciofluvial formations using satellite and aerial image interpretation, as well as field mapping (e.g. Aario & Forsström, 1979;Kurimo, 1982;Punkari, 1997;Johansson & Kujansuu, 2005a;Sarala, 2005a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the eastern part of the Kuusamo Ice Lobe, based on geomorphological interpretation of high-resolution LiDAR data

Sarala¹,

Räisänen²

2017

Bull Geol Soc Finland

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In this article, we present new glacial geomorphological data from the eastern part of the Kuusamo Ice Lobe (KIL) in eastern Finland. The focus is on glacial lineations (about 9000 individual features) and interpretation of ice lobe evolution based on streamlined erosional and depositional formations, hummocky and ribbed moraines and glaciofluvial formations. Glacial geomorphological mapping was performed based on interpretation and classification of LiDAR data according to the Geological Survey of Finland's new Glacier Dynamic database. The results revealed that modern surficial deposits were formed during three different ice flow phases. The oldest remains are seen as occasional NW-SE megalineations and unclassified glacially lineated terrains and erosional valleys representing the Middle Weichselian glaciation. The younger morphologies were formed from the two overlapping drumlin fields of the Tuoppajärvi and Kuusamo ice flow phases, with origins in the Late Weichselian deglaciation. Analysis of different erosional and depositional formation patterns was used to separate ice flow phases and estimate the evolution, subglacial conditions and mass balance of KIL during the last deglaciation. The morphological interpretation revealed that the Tuoppajärvi ice flow stage was large and homogeneous, while the later Kuusamo ice flow stage was more concentrated, narrower and heterogeneous, following a fan-type pattern that is also emphasised by the meltwater channel systems, including both erosional and depositional features. Furthermore, on both margins (northern and southern), part of the ice masses formed stagnant areas. The length of the lineations also indicates both glacier flow velocity and transport distances, which in the case of megalineations and drumlins are longer than in the fluted terrain. Ribbed moraines in the western (core part) of KIL indicate a very different depositional environment relating to strong quarrying and short transport distances under cold-based subglacial conditions, near the core area and the late ice divide zone of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet.

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Ice‐lobe formation and function during the deglaciation in Finland and adjacent Soviet Karelia

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Deglaciation pattern indicated by the ice‐margin formations in Northern Karelia, eastern Finland

Deglaciation pattern indicated by the ice‐margin formations in Northern Karelia, eastern Finland

Sedimentology of an ice lobe margin esker with implications for the deglacial dynamics of the Finnish Lake District lobe trunk

Evolution of the eastern part of the Kuusamo Ice Lobe, based on geomorphological interpretation of high-resolution LiDAR data

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