Ice/Water Interface: Zeta Potential, Point of Zero Charge, and Hydrophobicity

Drzymala, Jan; Sadowski, Zygmunt; Hołysz, Lucyna; Chibowski, Emil

doi:10.1006/jcis.1999.6528

Cited by 70 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Earlier work on artificial ice samples, of fixed bulk electrical conductivity, ascertained that the zeta potential reverses sign from ∼ +0.01 to ∼ −0.02 V as equilibrium pH increases from less than 3 to greater than 8 (Drzymala et al, 1999;Kallay et al, 2003). The electrochemical properties of the electrical double layer at the snow grain surfaces, and thus also the magnitude and potentially the sign of the zeta potential, will change over time in a fresh snowpack as the snow is affected by melt, recrystallisation and the preferential elution of ions (Meyer and Wania, 2008;Meyer et al, 2009;Williams et al,.…”

Section: Temporal Changes In Self-potential Magnitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk meltwater flow and liquid water content of snowpacks mapped using the electrical self-potential (SP) method

Thompson¹,

Kulessa

Essery

et al. 2016

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. Our ability to measure, quantify and assimilate hydrological properties and processes of snow in operational models is disproportionally poor compared to the significance of seasonal snowmelt as a global water resource and major risk factor in flood and avalanche forecasting. We show here that strong electrical self-potential fields are generated in melting in situ snowpacks at Rhone Glacier and Jungfraujoch Glacier, Switzerland. In agreement with theory, the diurnal evolution of self-potential magnitudes ( ∼ 60-250 mV) relates to those of bulk meltwater fluxes (0-1.2 × 10 −6 m 3 s −1 ) principally through the permeability and the content, electrical conductivity and pH of liquid water. Previous work revealed that when fresh snow melts, ions are eluted in sequence and electrical conductivity, pH and self-potential data change diagnostically. Our snowpacks had experienced earlier stages of melt, and complementary snow pit measurements revealed that electrical conductivity (∼ 1-5 × 10 −6 S m −1 ) and pH (∼ 6.5-6.7) as well as permeabilities (respectively ∼ 9.7 × 10 −5 and ∼ 4.3 × 10 −5 m 2 at Rhone Glacier and Jungfraujoch Glacier) were invariant. This implies, first, that preferential elution of ions was complete and, second, that our self-potential measurements reflect daily changes in liquid water contents. These were calculated to increase within the pendular regime from ∼ 1 to 5 and ∼ 3 to 5.5 % respectively at Rhone Glacier and Jungfraujoch Glacier, as confirmed by ground truth measurements. We conclude that the electrical self-potential method is a promising snow and firn hydrology sensor owing to its suitability for (1) sensing lateral and vertical liquid water flows directly and minimally invasively, (2) complementing established observational programs through multidimensional spatial mapping of meltwater fluxes or liquid water content and (3) monitoring autonomously at a low cost. Future work should focus on the development of self-potential sensor arrays compatible with existing weather and snow monitoring technology and observational programs, and the integration of self-potential data into analytical frameworks.

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Section: Temporal Changes In Self-potential Magnitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk meltwater flow and liquid water content of snowpacks mapped using the electrical self-potential (SP) method

Thompson¹,

Kulessa

Essery

et al. 2016

The Cryosphere

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“…The difficulties with these experiments lie in the stability of the system due to melting or freezing within the icewater interface. Recently, the original approach of Drzymala et al (12) solved this problem. Ice was prepared from heavy water (D 2 O), with a freezing point of 3.8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reversible Charging of the Ice–Water Interface

Kallay

Čakara

2000

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Beattie (2007) found conclusive evidence for the presence of negative charges on oil droplets, gas bubbles, thin aqueous films and solid hydrophobic surfaces Experiments by many scientists and over many years have shown that air bubbles (cavities) in water move as though they are negatively charged in response to an external electrical field. In a similar manner, small water droplets in air are found to be negative (the waterfall effect) (Tammet et al 2008) as are ice particles in water (Drzymala et al 1999). In all cases, the isoelectric point appears to be about pH 3 with the negative charge apparent in pure neutral water.…”

Section: Zeta Potentialmentioning

confidence: 65%

Untitled

2009

WATER

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SummaryThere is considerable disagreement over whether the gas/liquid surface of water is positive due to the presence of surface-active hydrogen ions or negative due to the presence of surface-active hydroxyl ions. Much has been written and many experimental and simulation studies have been undertaken. We critically analyze these studies to establish what is known unambiguously and what assumptions underlie these opposite views. The conclusion reached after this examination is that there is much misunderstanding over the strength of the evidence for hydrogen ions being surface active and less support for the positive surface than generally regarded. The surface of neutral water is negatively charged.

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Ice/Water Interface: Zeta Potential, Point of Zero Charge, and Hydrophobicity

Cited by 70 publications

References 15 publications

Bulk meltwater flow and liquid water content of snowpacks mapped using the electrical self-potential (SP) method

Bulk meltwater flow and liquid water content of snowpacks mapped using the electrical self-potential (SP) method

Reversible Charging of the Ice–Water Interface

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