Purpose of the study: The purpose of this paper is to elaborate methodological diversities in understanding religions both in internal and external circles and contexts are seen from Islamic theological perspectives.
Methodology: The research methodology used in this study is a qualitative analysis, using content analysis method.
Main Findings: The diversity of religious beliefs and religious understandings needs to be interpreted as a logical consequence of divine provisions. Methodologically, however, an individual’s belief cannot be adjudged right or wrong without understanding socio-cultural, referent, educational, and other external background experience shaping his belief and diversity.
Applications of this study: Understanding and tolerant behavior in the diversity of beliefs in Indonesian society is necessary to create inter and inter-religious harmony, to realize a solid nation and state of life. Therefore, a comprehensive effort is needed to minimize intolerant understanding and behavior in the community from an early age, through integrative education and learning.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Generally, research methodology on religion using religious doctrine as the main tool in the analysis of religious thought. This article presents a point of equilibrium between doctrine and