Idebenone, green tea, and Coffeeberry® extract: new and innovative antioxidants

Abstract

The use of topical antioxidants is gaining favor among dermatologists because of their broad biologic activity. Many are not only antioxidants but also have antiinflammatory and anticarcinogenic activities. Thus for dermatologists these cosmeceuticals have many potential applications. In general, topical antioxidants exert their effects by down-regulating free radical mediated pathways that damage skin. The present study will describe the science behind some of the newest topical antioxidants and outline how they can be used as part of a comprehensive skin care regimen.

Functional properties of coffee and coffee by-products

“…Up to now, most progress has been achieved in their use for industrial purposes other than food industry, such has energy production (Kondamudi, Mohapatra, & Misra, 2008;Saenger, Hartge, Werther, Ogada, & Siagi, 2001), adsorption of compounds (Franca, Oliveira, & Ferreira, 2009;Franca, Oliveira, Nunes, & Alves, 2010;Oliveira, Franca, Alves, & Rocha, 2008; and manufacturing of industrial products, such as particleboards, ethanol, gibberellic acid and α-amylase (Bekalo & Reinhardt, 2010;Gouvea, Torres, Franca, Oliveira, & Oliveira, 2009;Machado, Soccol, de Oliveira, & Pandey, 2002;Murthy, Naidu, & Srinivas, 2009). Commercialized extracts from the coffee fruits, which contain CGA, condensed proanthocyanidins, quinic and ferulic acid, have shown interesting results for facial skin care (Farris, 2007). However, in spite of the known high phenolic antioxidant and phytonutrient levels of the coffee fruit, only limited progress has been achieved on its use as a functional ingredient (Heimbach et al, 2010).…”

Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and the Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Bean Residual Press Cake on the Skin Wound Healing

“…Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are involved in the redox regulation of cell functions and increasingly viewed as a major upstream component in the signalling cascade involved in inflammatory responses and the stimulation of adhesion molecule and chemoattractant production [15]. Testing by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay of the coffee berry outperforms common antioxidants such as green tea extract, pomegranate extract, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Polymerase chain reaction microarray analysis on human cultured fibroblasts treated with multiple doses of 0.001% coffee berry revealed upregulation of gene expression for several collagens and connective tissue growth factor and downregulation for metalloproteinases [17]. …”

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Improve Skin Permeation and Chemical Stability of Idebenone

“…The permeation studies were performed in Franz-type diffusion cells (TT-6, Rightway Inc, Tianjin, China) with a diffusion area of 0.64 cm 2 . The diffusion cells were mounted on a magnetic 6 stirrer and connected to a water bath at 32± 0.1°C.…”

“…The compound has been used to combat skin damage and aging. Currently, it is commercialized as an antiaging cosmetic (2). Compared with commonly known popular antioxidants in skin care products (vitamin C, vitamin E, alpha lipoic acid, kinetin, and coenzyme Q10), IDB is shown to be the most effective antioxidant in overall global assessment to prevent oxidative stress (3).…”