The present study aimed to investigate the dimensionality of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), in its version of 14 and 10 items (PSS-14 and PSS-10), in a sample of professors from the Federal University of Viçosa (N = 222). An exploratory factorial analysis using the principal components method, with varimax rotation, indicated the solution with two factors as the most adjusted to the data, confirming previous studies. In relation to PSS-14, the items had adequate factor loads and the retained factor explained 58% of the common variance of the scores, presenting internal consistency (α = 0.89). In relation to PSS-10, the items had adequate factor loads and the retained factor explained 54% of the common variance of the scores, presenting internal consistency (α = 0.87). In the end, it was found that there were satisfactory adjustments for the two versions of the PSS in its two-factor model, with the 14-item scale being the harmonic solution, considering the relationship between parsimony in the quantity of items and the statistical robustness of this instrument. The results showed that the teaching career is one of the most stressful activities among the professions studied, demanding public policies that balance the teaching career, combating the incidence of stress and other emerging diseases in this professional category.