Identification and analysis of shoreline changes over fishermen settlement along the coast of sungaibuntu and cemarajaya village, Karawang Regency, West Java

Abstract

Shoreline changes, that occur along the coast, gives negative effects to the environment and also social-economic activities on the fishermen’s livelihood. Study about shoreline changes, its trends, and its causes are important for the development of economic and sanitation vulnerability assessment on fishermen community caused by shoreline changes. Thus, environmental sustainability criteria within the local scale and specific to fishermen community takes into account and the implementation of the instrument become more appropriate to reduce the undesirable effects. This research aims to identifying and analysing shoreline changes trend and its factors over the fishermen settlement area along the coast of Sungaibuntu and Cemarajaya village, Karawang Regency, West Java. Data used in this study are Landsat-7 1999, 2002, 2007, and 2012 as well as Landsat-8 2017. To enhance Landsat-7 images, band 2-4-5 are used, meanwhile Landsat-8 employs band 3-5-6. Later, the shoreline was extracted by applying band rationing techniques, Band2/Band5 for Landsat-7 and Band3/Band6 for Landsat-8. The rate of shoreline changes along the coast of Sungaibuntu is -0.15 m/yr and -2.89 m/yr along Cemarajaya. The periodic phenomena that affect shoreline changes consist of tidal range with a mean value of 0.796 m, significant wave height (Hs) of 0 - 2.9 m with the dominant direction heading to the southeast, and also sea level rise (SLR). Besides, there is an anthropogenic factor of land use and land cover changes as the significant feature shown by the managed system of ponds, cropland, farmland, paddy field, along with the settlement. As for the instrument development of economic and sanitation vulnerability on fishermen community, it is important to take shoreline changes rate and its causes into account and consider it as vulnerability criteria.