Identification and characterization of spermidine synthase gene from Panax ginseng

Abstract

A full length spermidine synthase (PgSPD) cDNA was isolated and characterized from the root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. The cDNA was 1,188 nucleotides long and had an open reading frame of 1,002 bp with a deduced amino acid sequence of 333 residues. The calculated molecular mass of the matured protein is approximately 36.38 kDa with a predicated isoelectric point of 5.02. A GenBank BlastX search revealed that the deduced amino acid of PgSPD shares a high degree homology with the Lotus japonicas (78.5% identity, 84% similarity). In the present study we analyzed the expression of PgSPD under various environmental stresses at different time points using real time-PCR. We also determined polyamine content in adventitious roots under salt and chilling stress using HPLC. Our results reveal that PgSPD is slightly induced by mannitol and CuSO4. Otherwise, salt, chilling, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid triggered a significant induction (more than tenfold) of PgSPD within 12-24 h post-treatment, especially; PgSPD was prominently induced by salt (41.5-fold). These results suggest that the transcript of Spd gene involved in PA biosynthesis shows different profiles of expression in response to environmental stress.

Gene expression of glycyrrhizin acid and accumulation of endogenous signaling molecule in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch adventitious roots after Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Meyerozyma guilliermondii applications

“…Geranyl diphosphate synthase ( GPS ) contributes to the generation of geranyl diphosphate (GPP) through the condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). GPP produces farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) through farnesyl diphosphate synthase ( FPS ) . The biosynthesis of squalene from FPP is completed by squalene synthase ( SQS ) .…”

Effects of spermidine, proline and carbohydrate sources on somatic embryogenesis from main root transverse thin cell layers of Vietnamese ginseng (Panax vietnamensis Ha et. Grushv.)

“…Apart from conventional plant hormones, polyamines, mainly spermidine, spermine and putrescine are also involved in enhancing somatic embryogenesis in a variety of plant species, such as Araucaria angustifolia (Silveira et al, 2006;Steiner et al, 2007), Picea rubens Sarg. (Minocha et al, 2004), Gossypium hirsutum L. (Sakhanokho et al, 2005), Momordica charantia L. (Paul et al, 2009) and Panax ginseng CA Meyer (Monteiro et al, 2002;Parvin et al, 2010). Somatic embryogenesis has also been found to be associated with increases in endogenous levels of amino acids, that is, proline, serine, threonine (Thorpe, 1993).…”

Defense Genes Induced by Pathogens and Abiotic Stresses in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

“…Spermidine plays a major role in the plant life cycle, including development and response to environmental stresses [92,93]. In ginseng, the putative gene encoding spermidine was isolated and showed 84% similarity with lotus plant spermidine [94]. Tissue expression patterns of PgSPD were found in ginseng roots, fl ower, bud, stem and leaves.…”

“…These genes may be triggered in response to integrated signaling networks involving jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), or Ca + under unfavorable conditions [29,35,45,54,77,94,112]. These genes may act as potential markers based on their responses to a specifi c factor.…”