Identification and Characterization of Tobamoviruses Strains Infecting L‐resistant Genotypes of Peppers in France

Abstract

Characterization of tobamovirus isolates collected from pepper crops in South East France has revealed the existance of several strains belonging to different viruses of the group. The biological and serological properties of three isolates (Vi76, Adam and Eve), selected as representative strains, have been studied. They have been compared with TMV and ToMV strains already isolated in our region as well as with other reference strains of ToMV‐D and TMV‐U1. They were also compared with other tobamovirus strains P11, P8 and P14, from the Netherlands, and PMMV‐W from Italy also isolated from pepper genotypes possessing the “L” gene for resistance to TMV and ToMV strains. According to biological and serological reactions, Vi76 is more related to ToMV than to TMV but it is not related to Adam and Eve which are more closely related to PMMV. On the basis of the interaction with the “L” gene for resistance in pepper genotypes we have found that the Adam and P8 strains belong to the P1‐2 pathotype and the Eve and P14 strains to the P1‐2‐3 pathotype and all the 4 strains belong to the PMMV‐W group. In France, there have been no reports of the isolation of the P11 strain which is distantly related to the Adam strain.

Characterization of an isolate of pepper mild mottle tobamovirus occurring in Canada

“…Subsequently similar resistance-breaking isolates were reported in other European countries (Wetter 1984, Avgelis 1987, Marte & Wetter 1986, Gebre Selassie et al 1981, Gebre Selassie & Marchoux 1991, Alonso et al 1989, Horvath & Beczner 1983, Garcia-Luque et al 1990, Brunt 1986), Australia (Pares 1985), Taiwan (Green & Wu 1991) and the United States (Hamm et al 1995). PMMV is the accepted name , Pares 1988) for most tobamovirus isolates infecting TMV-resistant peppers, although bell pepper mottle (Wetter et al 1987), the unusual Argentinean strain (Feldmann & Oremianer 1972), a recently characterized Dutch isolate designated paprika mild mottle virus (GarciaLuque et al 1993), and SDYFV (Sanfacon et al 1993) share some properties with PMMV, including the capacity to infect TMV-resistant pepper cultivars, but they are considered distinct tobamoviruses.…”

An inhibitory interaction between viral and cellular proteins underlies the resistance of tomato to nonadapted tobamoviruses

“…Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV), and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) are tobamovirus species that successfully infect tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). However, while ToMV can multiply in tomato cultivars that do not carry tobamovirus resistance genes, all known strains of TMGMV and PMMoV cannot multiply in any cultivars of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) tested (11)(12)(13)(14)(15); i.e., tomato is a nonhost of TMGMV and PMMoV. TMGMV and PMMoV cannot multiply even in protoplasts isolated from tomato, indicating that at least intracellular multiplication of the virus is inhibited (ref.…”