“…Examples include magnetic materials (C. Natale, 2001), piezoelectric and piezoceramic actuators (Mrad and Hu, 2001), shape memory alloys (SMA, e.g. NiTiNol, Flexinol) sensors-actuators (Hughes and Wen, 1997), mechanical hysteresis, adsorption hysteresis, optical hysteresis, electron beam hysteresis and others.…”