Identification and taxonomy of some entomopathogenic Paecilomyces spp. (Ascomycota) isolates using rDNA-ITS Sequences

Inglis, Peter W.; Tigano, Myrian S.

doi:10.1590/s1415-47572006000100025

Cited by 68 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These spacer regions, or internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, are widely used in fungal systematics (Driver et al, 2000). In the case of the genus Paecilomyces, analysis of sequences of the large and small subunit rRNA genes indicates the polyphylogeny of the genus (Obornik et al, 2001;Inglis and Tigano, 2006). Therefore, rDNA-ITS sequencing was used to identify Paecilomyces isolates held in our culture collections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newly Isolated Paecilomyces lilacinus and Paecilomyces javanicus as Novel Biocontrol Agents for Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura

Nguyen

Anh

Nguyen³

et al. 2017

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Biocontrol offers an attractive alternative to the use of chemical pesticides in agricultural pest management. The development of high levels of resistance to chemical pesticides have forced researchers to find more alternative biological control agents. The aims of this study were to isolate Paecilomyces spp. with high virulence against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and Oriental leafworm moth (Spodoptera litura), and to investigate suitable agro-industrial residues as a substrate used for solid state fermentation for sporulation of isolates. In this study, Paecilomyces spp. were isolated from soil and insects and identified by morphological and sequencing analyses. The pathogenicity of these isolates was evaluated on Pl. xylostella and S. litura to identify strains with the highest virulence. In addition, agro-industrial residues were used as a cheap substrate for investigating a suitable medium for sporulation on an industrial scale. Six strains of Paecilomyces spp. were isolated including one strain of P. lilacinus and five strain of P. javanicus. P. lilacinus PL01 showed the highest virulence against both Pl. xylostella and S. litura with respective LT 50 values of 2.51 and 7.09 days. The five isolated P. javanicus strains also strongly infected Pl. xylostella with LT 50 values of 2.52~6.59 days. For sporulation, brown rice alone or brown rice mixed with rice husks and wheat bran or rice bran was suitable for cultivating these isolates. Two newly isolated species of Paecilomyces, P. lilacinus and P. javanicus, can be used as biological control agents for controlling Pl. xylostella and S. litura.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newly Isolated Paecilomyces lilacinus and Paecilomyces javanicus as Novel Biocontrol Agents for Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura

Nguyen

Anh

Nguyen³

et al. 2017

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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“…Additionally, the morphological differences observed may be the product of simple mutations or media/cultivation [3]. Phenotypic characters of a fungal species often displayed a range of variation, which overlaps, with those of another species [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species confirmation of fungal isolates by molecular analysis

Thakur¹,

Sandhu

2010

Indian J Microbiol

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Traditional taxonomy of hyphomycetes has been based on conidial morphology and development. In order to confi rm species level for the detection and identifi cation of the entomopathogenic fungus, we analysed the species-specifi c fi ngerprints to investigate molecular characteristics within isolates of six species and to resolve morphologically atypical isolates. The extent of fi ngerprint profi le observed by RAPD was suffi cient to confi rm the species level of all the isolates. The genetic similarity among morphologically identifi ed isolates of each species was considerably higher, allowing us to conclude that all the isolates are of same species. These results establish a molecular framework for further taxonomic, phylogenetic and comparative biological investigations.

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“…Many other Paecilomyces species, including the pathogenic species P. lilacinus and P. viridis, group within the family Clavicipitaceae sensu lato (Hypocreales), comprising many arthropod-and grass-associated fungi (7,13,14). Some of these Paecilomyces species have been reclassified in the genus Isaria, but P. lilacinus and P. viridis are unrelated to Isaria species and their relationships to other members of the family have not been resolved (7,14). In a recent multigene phylogenetic study, clavicipitalean fungi were reclassified into three families, namely, Clavicipitaceae sensu stricto, Cordycipitaceae, and Ophiocordycipitaceae, but P. viridis was not examined in that study (20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The type species, P. variotii, is placed within the ascomycete family Trichocomaceae (Eurotiales) (12). Many other Paecilomyces species, including the pathogenic species P. lilacinus and P. viridis, group within the family Clavicipitaceae sensu lato (Hypocreales), comprising many arthropod-and grass-associated fungi (7,13,14). Some of these Paecilomyces species have been reclassified in the genus Isaria, but P. lilacinus and P. viridis are unrelated to Isaria species and their relationships to other members of the family have not been resolved (7,14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Mycosis in Veiled Chameleons ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ) Caused by Chamaeleomyces granulomatis , a New Fungus Related to Paecilomyces viridis

et al. 2010

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An outbreak of disseminated granulomatous disease occurred in a group of veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) in a zoo collection. An adult female and six offspring developed large granulomas in multiple organs and were euthanized. At necropsy, roughly spherical yellow-to-white nodules 1 to 3 mm in diameter were grossly visible in the liver and other organs. Histopathology revealed fungal elements that were spherical to ovoid in shape, fragments of slender to irregularly swollen hyphae, and occasional conidia produced on phialides. Fungal isolates were initially suspected on the basis of morphology results to represent Paecilomyces viridis, a species known only from one outbreak of fatal mycosis in carpet chameleons (Furcifer lateralis). Data obtained from morphological studies and from phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal rRNA (rDNA) sequence data revealed the Danish chameleon isolates to be a related undescribed anamorphic species within the family Clavicipitaceae that includes many insect pathogens. Chamaeleomyces granulomatis gen. et sp. nov. is given as the name for the newly described fungus, and P. viridis is transferred to the new genus as Chamaeleomyces viridis comb. nov. Chamaeleomyces species are distinguished by having basally swollen phialides tapering to a narrow neck, conidia in fragile chains, and pale green to greenish-gray colonies. Both species are dimorphic, producing a transitory yeast stage characterized by ovoid-to-subglobose or subcylindrical yeast-like cells. Chamaeleomyces species appear to be rare but aggressive pathogens of chameleons.Disseminated, often fatal, mycoses caused by Paecilomyces species have previously been reported in many reptiles, including lizards and crocodiles; P. lilacinus and P. variotii are the main species involved (14). Paecilomyces viridis was first reported in 1964 as the cause of disseminated fungal infection in 4 of 50 carpet chameleons (Furcifer lateralis; formerly Chamaeleo lateralis) that were sent from Madagascar to Paris for experimental use (16,17). The fungus was isolated from blood and multiple organs, including liver and spleen, and it produced yeast-like cells in vivo but not in vitro. There have been no subsequent reports of P. viridis causing mycosis in any reptile, and two reports of human infection have not been well substantiated and probably concerned infections by P. variotii (4). A recent outbreak of disseminated granulomatous disease in a group of veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) housed at the Copenhagen Zoo yielded fungal isolates with morphologies resembling those of P. viridis. However, a DNA sequence from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal rRNA (rDNA) gene from one isolate showed only 94% similarity to that of a P. viridis sequence obtained from GenBank (AY624194, strain CBS 348.65, extype culture). This result prompted further investigation into the relationship between P. viridis and the new chameleon isolates and other Paecilomyces species.Recent taxonomic studies have shown th...

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Identification and taxonomy of some entomopathogenic Paecilomyces spp. (Ascomycota) isolates using rDNA-ITS Sequences

Cited by 68 publications

References 15 publications

Newly Isolated Paecilomyces lilacinus and Paecilomyces javanicus as Novel Biocontrol Agents for Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura

Newly Isolated Paecilomyces lilacinus and Paecilomyces javanicus as Novel Biocontrol Agents for Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura

Species confirmation of fungal isolates by molecular analysis

Disseminated Mycosis in Veiled Chameleons ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ) Caused by Chamaeleomyces granulomatis , a New Fungus Related to Paecilomyces viridis

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