Identification and Typing of Vibrio anguillarum: A Comparison of Different Methods

Austin, Brian; Alsina, M.; Austin, Dawn A.; Blanch, Anicet R.; Grimont, Francine; Grimont, P. A. D.; Jofre, Juan; Koblavi, S.; Larsen, J. L.; Pedersen, Karl; Tiainen, T.; Verdonck, L.; Swings, Jean

doi:10.1016/s0723-2020(11)80400-5

Cited by 88 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In addition, API 20E strips (BioMCrieux SA, Marcy, l'Etoile, France) and Biolog microplate tests (Biolog, Inc., Hayward, Calif.) were used. Both test kits were inoculated and incubated by using the modifications described by Austin et al (4). A similarity matrix for previously described vibrios (1,2) and the software Bacterial Identifier (T. N. Bryant, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, United Kingdom) were used to identify the isolates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio scophthalmi sp. nov., a New Species from Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Cerdàg-Cuéllar

Rosselló‐Móra

Lalucat

et al. 1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Six strains isolated from the intestines of juvenile turbot in a fish hatchery in the north of Spain were found to be phenotypically members of the genus V?brio. However, the phenotypic traits of these organisms did not place them in any of the currently known Vibrio species. These isolates formed an homogeneous group in which the DNA-DNA similarity values (the differences between the thermal denaturation midpoints of the homologous and heterologous duplexes) with reference strain A089T (T = type strain) ranged from 0 to 1.7"C. The results of a 16s rRNA sequence analysis of A089T placed this strain in the genus Vibrio in the gamma subclass of the Proteobacteria. The closest relative is Vibrio aestuarianus, with a sequence similarity of 97.8%. This group of strains can be easily differentiated from the other Vibrio species by their clear phenotype. We propose the name Vibrio scophthalmi sp. nov. for these strains; the type strain is strain A089 (= CECT 4638).The genus Vibrio comprises more than 35 species, most of which are widely distributed in marine environments. Some of the members of the genus are pathogenic for humans and marine animals; the pathogenicity is particularly severe if the hosts are under stressed conditions (11). However, members of the genus Vibrio are the most common bacteria in the gastrointestinal flora of many fish (7, 21, 22). Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) is a flatfish that is important in aquaculture. High rates of mortality of turbot larvae have been reported during the first days of feeding (36), and these high rates coincide with high levels of a heterogeneous microflora in the gastrointestinal tracts of the larvae. However, when a homogeneous microflora is established in the gut, the fish show enhanced resistance to colonization by bacterial pathogens. The gut microflora may play an important role in preventing colonization by bacterial pathogens (8, 20).A number of phenotypically similar strains were isolated as the dominant bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of juvenile turbot (S. maximus) which were reared in a fish hatchery in the north of Spain. These bacteria belong to genus Vibrio on the basis of their phenotypic characteristics. However, these strains could not be identified as members of any of the previously described fibrio species (6,11, 23,24,34). In this study we demonstrate that this group of bacteria constitutes a genotypically well-defined new Vibrio species with a phenotype that is clearly distinct. The name Vibrio scophthalmi is proposed for the new species. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strains. The six I.: scophthalmi strains studied (strains A089= [T =type strain], A102, A105, A107, A110, and SL/G2) were isolated from the gastrointestinal tracts of 35-to 40-day-old turbot. The fish were anesthesized with 10 mg of MS222 (tricaine methane sulfonate) per liter, and after surface disinfection with a 0.1% benzalkonium chloride saline solution and thorough rinsing with sterile marine phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (20 g of NaCl per liter, 0.2 g of KCl per lite...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio scophthalmi sp. nov., a New Species from Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Cerdàg-Cuéllar

Rosselló‐Móra

Lalucat

et al. 1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…Variable results, e.g., for arginine dihydrolase of some species, have been reported, making their identification on this basis difficult (312). Biolog has been one of the most widely used phenotypic techniques for the identification of Vibrionaceae strains in the last decade (11,13,209,266,406). Bacterial strains are inoculated onto 95 different compounds which may serve as carbon sources.…”

Section: Phenotypic Identification: the Pitfalls Of Classical Biochemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These authors also proposed the creation of two new genera, Listonella and Shewanella. The genus Shewanella is currently found within the family Alteromonadaceae, but the genus Listonella, which would encompass the species V. anguillarum, V. pelagius, and P. damselae, has not been recognized by many expert taxonomists in the field (11,246). Further phenotypic and phylogenetic studies clearly showed that these three species should be retained in their original genera (98,208,358).…”

Section: Application Of 5s Rrna As a First Phylogenetic Attemptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of Vibrios

Thompson

Iida

Swings

2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

1,070

888

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Vibrios are ubiquitous and abundant in the aquatic environment. A high abundance of vibrios is also detected in tissues and/or organs of various marine algae and animals, e.g., abalones, bivalves, corals, fish, shrimp, sponges, squid, and zooplankton. Vibrios harbour a wealth of diverse genomes as revealed by different genomic techniques including amplified fragment length polymorphism, multilocus sequence typing, repetetive extragenic palindrome PCR, ribotyping, and whole-genome sequencing. The 74 species of this group are distributed among four different families, i.e., Enterovibrionaceae, Photobacteriaceae, Salinivibrionaceae, and Vibrionaceae. Two new genera, i.e., Enterovibrio norvegicus and Grimontia hollisae, and 20 novel species, i.e., Enterovibrio coralii, Photobacterium eurosenbergii, V. brasiliensis, V. chagasii, V. coralliillyticus, V. crassostreae, V. fortis, V. gallicus, V. hepatarius, V. hispanicus, V. kanaloaei, V. neonatus, V. neptunius, V. pomeroyi, V. pacinii, V. rotiferianus, V. superstes, V. tasmaniensis, V. ezurae, and V. xuii, have been described in the last few years. Comparative genome analyses have already revealed a variety of genomic events, including mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, loss of genes by decay or deletion, and gene acquisitions through duplication or horizontal transfer (e.g., in the acquisition of bacteriophages, pathogenicity islands, and super-integrons), that are probably important driving forces in the evolution and speciation of vibrios. Whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomics through the application of, e.g., microarrays will facilitate the investigation of the gene repertoire at the species level. Based on such new genomic information, the taxonomy and the species concept for vibrios will be reviewed in the next years

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“…The parental strain for the knockout mutant was V. anguillarum VIB15, an O1 serotype strain which was originally isolated from a diseased sea bass in Greece [15]. This strain was made rifampicin resistant (VIB15Rif R ) by natural selection, allowing survival of the bacterium in the gnotobiotic system used in this study.…”

Section: Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are type IV pili involved in <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i> virulence towards sea bass (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i> L.) larvae?

Frans¹,

Busschaert²,

Dierckens³

et al. 2013

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Vibrio anguillarum, an important bacterial fish pathogen, expresses a variety of virulence factors contributing to its ability to cause vibriosis in fish. Many virulence factors of this pathogen remain however unknown. For example, a type IV pilus system was previously reported to be potentially involved in the virulence of this bacterium but no experimental evidence was reported yet. In this study, complete genome sequencing of V. anguillarum strain VIB15, shown to be highly virulent towards sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) larvae, revealed the presence of a PilA pilin. A V. anguillarum VIB15 pilA mutant was constructed and the pathogenicity of this mutant was assessed in a gnotobiotic sea bass system developed for virulence screening. Our results suggest that the V. anguillarum pilA gene is not crucial for virulence towards sea bass larvae. Possibly, another type IV pilus system identified in V. anguillarum, showing homology to the mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin pilin of Vibrio cholerae, may complement the pilA mutation. Alternatively, the type IV pilus system has a role in infection of juvenile or adult fish, rather than in the larval phase. As such, further research is required to unravel the potential role of type IV pili in V. anguillarum virulence.

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Identification and Typing of Vibrio anguillarum: A Comparison of Different Methods

Cited by 88 publications

References 26 publications

Vibrio scophthalmi sp. nov., a New Species from Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Vibrio scophthalmi sp. nov., a New Species from Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Biodiversity of Vibrios

Are type IV pili involved in <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i> virulence towards sea bass (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i> L.) larvae?

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Identification and Typing of Vibrio anguillarum: A Comparison of Different Methods

Cited by 88 publications

References 26 publications

Vibrio scophthalmi sp. nov., a New Species from Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Vibrio scophthalmi sp. nov., a New Species from Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Biodiversity of Vibrios

Are type IV pili involved in &lt;i&gt;Vibrio anguillarum&lt;/i&gt; virulence towards sea bass (&lt;i&gt;Dicentrarchus labrax&lt;/i&gt; L.) larvae?

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Are type IV pili involved in <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i> virulence towards sea bass (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i> L.) larvae?