Identification of a QTL for Adipocyte Volume and of Shared Genetic Effects with Aspartate Aminotransferase

Bose, Tanushree; Voruganti, V. Saroja; Tejero, M. Elizabeth; Proffit, J; Cox, Laura A.; VandeBerg, John L.; Mahaney, Michael C.; Rogers, Jeffrey; Freeland‐Graves, Jeanne H.; Cole, Shelley A.; Comuzzie, Anthony G.

doi:10.1007/s10528-010-9337-0

Cited by 31 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Dietary fructose also results in hepatic steatosis and inflammation in Old World monkeys 367 and increases liver triglyceride and cholesterol content in rhesus macaques. Studies investigating the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease have also been performed in baboons and marmosets [368][369][370] . Importantly, DIO non-human primate models have proved valuable in evaluating the therapeutic potential and/or safety of a number of interventions, including tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 antisense oligonucleotides 371 , fibroblast growth factor 21 372,373 , glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists 374 , omega-3 fatty acids 366 , melanocortin receptor 4 agonists 375 , tropomyosin receptor kinase B agonism 376 and oxytocin administration 377 , in the treatment of obesity, insulin resistance and obesity-related metabolic diseases.…”

Section: Diet-induced Glucose Intolerance Yes Yesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of obesity and diabetes mellitus

et al. 2018

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More than one-third of the worldwide population is overweight or obese and therefore at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. In order to mitigate this pandemic, safer and more potent therapeutics are urgently required. This necessitates the continued use of animal models to discover, validate and optimize novel therapeutics for their safe use in humans. In order to improve the transition from bench to bedside, researchers must not only carefully select the appropriate model but also draw the right conclusions. In this Review, we consolidate the key information on the currently available animal models of obesity and diabetes and highlight the advantages, limitations and important caveats of each of these models.

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Section: Diet-induced Glucose Intolerance Yes Yesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of obesity and diabetes mellitus

et al. 2018

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“…The first-generation linkage map was published in 2000 [35] and later improved in 2006 by the addition of more loci in chromosomal regions with insufficient marker density in the initial map [36]. This map has allowed scientists to localize and identify functionally significant genes that influence phenotypic variation related to human health or disease [11], [14], [37]–[42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Baboon Kidney Transcriptome: Analysis of Transcript Sequence, Splice Variants, and Abundance

et al. 2013

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The baboon is an invaluable model for the study of human health and disease, including many complex diseases of the kidney. Although scientists have made great progress in developing this animal as a model for numerous areas of biomedical research, genomic resources for the baboon, such as a quality annotated genome, are still lacking. To this end, we characterized the baboon kidney transcriptome using high-throughput cDNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to identify genes, gene variants, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertion-deletion polymorphisms (InDels), cellular functions, and key pathways in the baboon kidney to provide a genomic resource for the baboon. Analysis of our sequencing data revealed 45,499 high-confidence SNPs and 29,813 InDels comparing baboon cDNA sequences with the human hg18 reference assembly and identified 35,900 cDNAs in the baboon kidney, including 35,150 transcripts representing 15,369 genic genes that are novel for the baboon. Gene ontology analysis of our sequencing dataset also identified numerous biological functions and canonical pathways that were significant in the baboon kidney, including a large number of metabolic pathways that support known functions of the kidney. The results presented in this study catalogues the transcribed mRNAs, noncoding RNAs, and hypothetical proteins in the baboon kidney and establishes a genomic resource for scientists using the baboon as an experimental model.

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“…It was reported that AST levels and fat cell volume are influenced by common set of genes in baboons, a valuable non-human primate model for the study of obesity and its comorbidities. 25 26 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appendicular muscle mass and fasting triglycerides predict serum liver aminotransferases in young female collegiate athletes

Minato

Kitaoka

Takeuchi

et al. 2018

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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ObjectiveWe test the hypothesis that aspartate aminotransferase (AST) may be associated inversely with serum triglycerides (TG) and positively with high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in young athletes because athletes have larger amounts of muscle mass.Research design and methodsPearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between serum AST and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and body composition identified by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, markers of insulin resistance, serum lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, adiponectin and leptin in 174 female collegiate athletes (18–22 years). Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify independent determinants of the aminotransferases.ResultsAST and ALT showed positive correlation with appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and height-adjusted ASM. In addition, ALT as well as AST showed inverse, not positive, association with fasting TG. Further, both AST and ALT showed positive associations with HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI, a major apolipoprotein of HDL particles. Multivariate analysis revealed that height-adjusted ASM and TG (inverse) were independent determinants for AST and ALT. Further, fat mass index (inverse) and resting heart rate (inverse) predicted AST and apolipoprotein AI predicted ALT.ConclusionsIn young female collegiate athletes, both serum AST and ALT showed inverse association with fasting TG and positive association with apoAI, both of which may be mediated through positive association between the aminotransferases and ASM. The association between ALT and TG is opposite in direction in young athletes (inverse) and in the general population (positive).

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Identification of a QTL for Adipocyte Volume and of Shared Genetic Effects with Aspartate Aminotransferase

Cited by 31 publications

References 49 publications

Animal models of obesity and diabetes mellitus

Animal models of obesity and diabetes mellitus

The Baboon Kidney Transcriptome: Analysis of Transcript Sequence, Splice Variants, and Abundance

Appendicular muscle mass and fasting triglycerides predict serum liver aminotransferases in young female collegiate athletes

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