Identification of Biomarkers for Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Infection and in Silico Studies in Musa paradisiaca Cultivar Puttabale through Proteomic Approach

Abstract

Panama wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is one of the major disease constraints of banana production. Previously, we reported the disease resistance Musa paradisiaca cv. puttabale clones developed from Ethylmethanesulfonate and Foc culture filtrate against Foc inoculation. Here, the same resistant clones and susceptible clones were used for the study of protein accumulation against Foc inoculation by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), their expression pattern and an in silico approach. The present investigation revealed mass-spectrometry identified 16 proteins that were over accumulated and 5 proteins that were under accumulated as compared to the control. The polyphosphoinositide binding protein ssh2p (PBPssh2p) and Indoleacetic acid-induced-like (IAA) protein showed significant up-regulation and down-regulation. The docking of the pathogenesis-related protein (PR) with the fungal protein endopolygalacturonase (PG) exemplify the three ionic interactions and seven hydrophobic residues that tends to good interaction at the active site of PG with free energy of assembly dissociation (1.5 kcal/mol). The protein-ligand docking of the Peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase chloroplastic-like protein (PMSRc) with the ligand β-1,3 glucan showed minimum binding energy (−6.48 kcal/mol) and docking energy (−8.2 kcal/mol) with an interaction of nine amino-acid residues. These explorations accelerate the research in designing the host pathogen interaction studies for the better management of diseases.

Biological Control Agents Against Fusarium Wilt of Banana

“…This approach has not been applied to plant microbiomes yet, but it is providing new insight in other fields like the human microbiome (Massart et al, 2015). Proteomics and metabolomics analyses have been also conducted in banana, but they have been focused mainly on the plant-pathogen interaction while BCAs have not been involved (Li et al, 2013, 2017; Lu et al, 2013; Sun et al, 2014; Ramu et al, 2016; Gopalakrishnan, 2017; Yuan et al, 2017). Therefore, at least to the best of our knowledge, there is still an important gap in our knowledge of biocontrol against Foc , including insight on the mechanisms involved in the antagonism, plant colonization, plant growth promotion, etc.…”

Nitrogen fertilizer rate but not form affects the severity of Fusarium wilt in banana

“…The trade-off between auxin synthesis, related to growth, and salicylic acid accumulation, related to defense, is particularly marked in root tissue (Denancé et al, 2013 ), which was the focus of this study. The salicylic acid response and the production of PR1 have been previously identified as a key defense indicator differentiating Fusarium wilt resistant and susceptible banana cultivars (Van Den Berg et al, 2007 ; Wang et al, 2015 ; Ramu et al, 2016 ; Li et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2019 , 2020 ). The exogenous application of salicylic acid has also been demonstrated to induce partial resistance to Fusarium wilt in bananas (Wang et al, 2015 ; Emilda et al, 2020 ).…”

A global genetic diversity analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense : the Panama disease pathogen of banana

“…Screening for resistant banana germplasm started with an emphasis on TR4, the strain causing the current epidemic in Cavendish . Following the discovery of Fusarium wilt resistance genes Ghag et al, 2014;Koch et al, 2013;Pereza-Echeverria, 2007;Ramu et al, 2016), genetically modified bananas resistant to Fusarium wilt caused by TR4 (Dale et al, 2017a) and race 1 (Magambo, 2012; were generated. Genetically modified food is, however, a controversial issue that involves social elements such as risk and benefit perceptions, trust, knowledge and purchasing decisions (Costa-Font et al, 2008).…”