In the digital world, computers have turned into objects that know more than humans. Devices are redefining the human way of living in a network that allows people to talk to each other. On the one hand, suspicion and fear about technology increased; on the other hand, it became impossible to stay away from a life without technology. In this process, the contribution of digitalization to productivity, the convenience and speed it provides to the business world has made digitalization necessary in all sectors. The role of human resources management (HRM) is very important in the realization of digital transformation in businesses. This role comes to the fore both in adapting to changing social norms and adapting to changes within the enterprise. HRM also has difficulties in this process. This chapter provides background on the challenges HRM faces in the digital society. The digitalization process, digitalization and its effects in businesses, the effects of the digitalization process on employees, working environment, and HR technologies are mentioned.