Abstract:Acute laminitis has been associated with the overgrowth of gram-positive bacteria within the equine hindgut, causing the release of factor(s) leading to ischemia-reperfusion of the digits. The products of fermentation which trigger acute laminitis are, as yet, unknown; however, vasoactive amines are possible candidates. The objectives of this study were to use an in vitro model of carbohydrate overload to study the change in populations of cecal streptococci and lactobacilli and to establish whether certain sp… Show more
“…No entanto, KIENZLE (1994) sugerem que esse limite é inferior a 3,5g. O excesso de amido no intestino grosso seleciona rapidamente espécies de bactérias amilolíticas (JULLIAND et al, 2001;BAILEY et al, 2003), o que resulta na fermentação do amido e produção de grandes quantidades de ácido láctico (GARNER et al, 1978;GOODSON et al, 1988). O ácido láctico causa irritação no epitélio de revestimento intestinal, sobrepõe a capacidade de tamponamento normal do intestino e diminui o pH do seu conteúdo (PAGAN, 1998).…”
“…No entanto, KIENZLE (1994) sugerem que esse limite é inferior a 3,5g. O excesso de amido no intestino grosso seleciona rapidamente espécies de bactérias amilolíticas (JULLIAND et al, 2001;BAILEY et al, 2003), o que resulta na fermentação do amido e produção de grandes quantidades de ácido láctico (GARNER et al, 1978;GOODSON et al, 1988). O ácido láctico causa irritação no epitélio de revestimento intestinal, sobrepõe a capacidade de tamponamento normal do intestino e diminui o pH do seu conteúdo (PAGAN, 1998).…”
“…It appears that feeding GSE has either decreased the amount of starch entering (the caecum) or changed the nature of fermentation in the caecum. Fermentation of starch in the hindgut is associated with an increase in populations of Gram-positive bacteria (Bailey et al, 2003). Jayaprakasha et al (2003) found Gram-positive bacteria were completely inhibited by GSE treatment (850 to 1000 p.p.m.).…”
A feeding trial involving four Thoroughbred race horses was undertaken to establish whether inclusion of grape seed extract (GSE) in the diet of horses undergoing mild exercise had any effects on their general health, intake and digestion. Supplementation with GSE had no effect on either feed or water intake of the horses and the supplement was readily palatable to the horses at all levels of inclusion. Feeding GSE caused no adverse effects in terms of animal health (temperature, pulse and respirations rates), and there were some positive effects related to a presumed alteration in fermentation in the hindgut. Feeding GSE increased faecal pH, changing from acid faeces (pH 6.6) when no GSE was fed to neutral faeces (pH 7.0) when 150 mg GSE/kg body weight (BW) was fed. In addition, blood glucose concentrations were significantly ( P , 0.05) decreased when GSE was fed at 100 and 150 mg/kg BW (5.50 6 0.26 and 5.32 6 0.72 mmol/l, respectively) compared with the control diet (5.77 6 0.31 mmol/l). The actual mechanisms causing these alterations are yet to be elucidated, but could have important implications for the prevention of acidosis.
“…However, despite its importance for intestinal lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, information about the bacterial flora of the organisms in feces and/or intestinal contents of horses is limited, compared with pet animals and farm animals (Mentula et al, 2005;Orban et al, 1997;Petr and Rada, 2001;Rada et al, 2006). Little has been known about lactic acid bacteria (Bailey et al, 2003;Yuyama et al, 2004), and particularly bifidobacteria (Mitsuoka and Kaneuchi, 1977). Moreover, all the knowledge has derived from data obtained only by the culturing technique.…”
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