Identification of failure modes in glass/polypropylene composites by means of the primary frequency content of the acoustic emission event

Ramirez-Jimenez, C.; Papadakis, N.; Reynolds, Neil; Gan, Tat Hean; Purnell, Phil; Pharaoh, M. W.

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.01.008

Cited by 250 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The AE frequencies (for maximum amplitude -FmA) of CFRP materials examined in SBS tests appeared mostly in the range of 180 to 260 kHz, indicated in bibliography as characteristic of interphase phenomena, including fiber/matrix debonding [30,31,33]. These features were in most cases confirmed here by direct SEM observations.…”

Section: Acoustic Emission and Microscopic (Sem) Analysessupporting

confidence: 69%

Acoustic Emission from Microcrack Initiation in Polymer Matrix Composites in Short Beam Shear Test

et al. 2018

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Acoustic emission (AE) was applied for detection of microcrack initiation in carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites subjected to shear stresses. Experimental materials were prepared from polyester bonded unidirectional (1D) non-crimp fabric and 2D plain-weave carbon fiber fabrics, using the resin transfer moulding technology. Control of epoxy resin/carbon textile proportions enabled variation of fiber volume content from small (34/35% for 2D/1D), through medium (51%) to high (68%). Rectangular samples (45 × 4 × 2 mm) were cut from 1D plates along [0] and across [90] fibers. Similar size samples from 2D plates were cut along warp/weft axes as well as in two orthogonal bias directions. Selected side surfaces were polished for microscopic (SEM) observations. Short-beam-strength tests were performed in 3-point bending (l/h=4), with two AE sensors attached for damage monitoring, which allowed to interrupt loading sequence before final failure. The acoustic emission historic index was the most effective AE parameter in damage initiation control. Microcracks developing on polished composite side-surfaces were observed under the SEM and direct microscopic evidence confirmed fiber debonding to be the principal mechanism of crack initiation in these materials and testing conditions before any further damage.

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Section: Acoustic Emission and Microscopic (Sem) Analysessupporting

confidence: 69%

Acoustic Emission from Microcrack Initiation in Polymer Matrix Composites in Short Beam Shear Test

et al. 2018

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“…debonding between matrix and fiber where the frequency range is 250-310 kHz [13]. The above argument is consistent with the existing research results based on the AE frequency contents of signals [11][12][13]. Finally, the last one, that exists other source in the signal with high frequency (375-440 kHz) dominated by component, f 3 7 , representing fiber breakage failure mode [13,25].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…In this way, Siron et al [10] used AE waveform parameters to investigate damage indicators which are related to the physical damage of the composite. RamirezJimenez et al [11] have applied the frequency method to identify the failure modes in glass/ polypropylene composites. The results showed that 100 kHz primary event frequency is due to the fiber/matrix debonding, those between 200 and 300 kHz are due to the fiber slippage and fiber pull out and the two higher frequencies appearing in all tests are related to the fiber breaking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelet-based acoustic emission characterization of damage mechanism in composite materials under mode I delamination at different interfaces

Oskouei¹,

Ahmadi

Hajikhani³

2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. In this paper, acoustic emission (AE) monitoring with a wavelet-based signal processing technique is developed to detect the damage types during mode I delamination on glass/polyester composite materials. Two types of specimen at different midplane layups, woven/woven (T3) and unidirectional/unidirectional (T5), leading to different levels of damage evolution, were studied. Double cantilever beam (DCB) is applied to simulate delamination process for all specimens. Firstly, the obtained AE signals are decomposed into various wavelet levels. Each level includes detail and approximation that are called components and related to a specific frequency range. Secondly, the energy distribution criterion is applied to find the more significant components each one of which is in relation to a distinct type of damage. The results show that the energy of AE signals has been concentrated in three significant components for both of the specimens. There is a difference in energy distribution of similar components of two specimens. It indicates that there is a dissimilar dominant damage mechanism for two different interfaces during the delamination process. Additionally, the microscopic observation (SEM) is used to determine how the different fracture mechanisms are related to the dominant corresponding wavelet components.

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“…The primary frequency, defined as the most energetic frequency component in the Fourier spectrum, has been used to classify different failure modes in concrete and composites [17,28,29]. However, the FFT is of a fixed resolution at all frequencies and can obscure small, high frequency events which usually last for a very short interval of time (a few tens of μs) [29,30].…”

Section: Relationship Between the Frequency Characteristics Of The Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Al corrosion and its impact on the mechanical performance of composite cement wasteforms by the acoustic emission technique

Spasova

Ojovan

2008

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Abstract. In this study acoustic emission (AE) non-destructive method was used to evaluate the mechanical performance of cementitious wasteforms with encapsulated Al waste. AE waves generated as a result of Al corrosion in small-size blast furnace slag/ordinary Portland cement wasteforms were recorded and analysed. The basic principles of the conventional parameter-based AE approach and signal-based analysis were combined to establish a relationship between recorded AE signals and different interactions between the Al and the encapsulating cement matrix. The AE technique was shown as a potential and valuable tool for a new area of application related to monitoring and inspection of the mechanical stability of cementitious wasteforms with encapsulated metallic wastes such as Al.

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Identification of failure modes in glass/polypropylene composites by means of the primary frequency content of the acoustic emission event

Cited by 250 publications

References 6 publications

Acoustic Emission from Microcrack Initiation in Polymer Matrix Composites in Short Beam Shear Test

Acoustic Emission from Microcrack Initiation in Polymer Matrix Composites in Short Beam Shear Test

Wavelet-based acoustic emission characterization of damage mechanism in composite materials under mode I delamination at different interfaces

Characterisation of Al corrosion and its impact on the mechanical performance of composite cement wasteforms by the acoustic emission technique

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