“…Known sources of AE include plastic deformation [32,50], cracking [27,34,35,37,38], corrosion [50,51], and others [14,[52][53][54]. In fact, AE monitoring has been used for material characterization and damage identification across length scales including microscale [14,30,32], mesoscale [27,29,34,38,39] and macroscale [25,31], which makes this technique particularly relevant in the recently widely explored area of Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) [55,56].…”