2012
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-42
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Identification of genes expressed in cultures of E. coli lysogens carrying the Shiga toxin-encoding prophage Φ24B

Abstract: BackgroundShigatoxigenic E. coli are a global and emerging health concern. Shiga toxin, Stx, is encoded on the genome of temperate, lambdoid Stx phages. Genes essential for phage maintenance and replication are encoded on approximately 50% of the genome, while most of the remaining genes are of unknown function nor is it known if these annotated hypothetical genes are even expressed. It is hypothesized that many of the latter have been maintained due to positive selection pressure, and that some, expressed in … Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…Although bacteriophage λ and related phages have been used as models for genetic studies, including regulation of gene expression, reports on global analyses of gene expression (especially time course of the expression) of lambdoid viruses are rare in the literature. Recently, expression pattern of phage λ genes after thermal induction of the prophage bearing a temeperature-sensitive mutation in the c I gene was investigated by ribosome profiling [44] , and genes’ expression of phage φ24 B in the lysogenic host was studied using a proteomic approach [19] . In both cases, unexpected results were obtained.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Although bacteriophage λ and related phages have been used as models for genetic studies, including regulation of gene expression, reports on global analyses of gene expression (especially time course of the expression) of lambdoid viruses are rare in the literature. Recently, expression pattern of phage λ genes after thermal induction of the prophage bearing a temeperature-sensitive mutation in the c I gene was investigated by ribosome profiling [44] , and genes’ expression of phage φ24 B in the lysogenic host was studied using a proteomic approach [19] . In both cases, unexpected results were obtained.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this light, detailed understanding the mechanisms of regulation of lambdoid phages’ development appears crucial, particularly because Stx prophage induction and effective replication of the phage genome are indispensible for efficient production of Shiga toxins [15] [18] . This stems from the fact that expression of majority of genes of lambdoid prophages, including stx genes in Stx prophages, is strongly inhibited by the phage-encoded cI repressor (despite the fact that this repression may be weaker in at least some Stx phages than in λ) [2] , [3] , [19] . The prophage induction may be either spontaneous (but it occurs with a low frequency) or caused by factors and agents provoking DNA lesions, thus provoking the bacterial S.O.S.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a majority of STEC strains analyzed to date, the stx genes are under control of the late phage promoter, pR′ (Wagner et al, 2001a, 2002). In lambdoid phages, the expression of most genes (except for c I in all lambdoid phages, and a few genes in other phages) is strongly inhibited in the prophage state, due to the activity of the cI repressor (Ptashne, 2004; Węgrzyn and Węgrzyn, 2005; Riley et al, 2012). Thus, in bacteria lysogenic for Shiga toxin-converting bacteriophages, expression of the stx genes is repressed.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although there are also homologies between sequences of some crucial regulatory genes of Stx phages and l, they rarely share a common virion structure. Nevertheless, similarities in regulatory mechanisms of viral development are also evident, including the lysis-versuslysogenization decision, control of phage gene expression and phage DNA replication; though differences in important details were also reported (Ptashne, 2004;Węgrzyn & Węgrzyn, 2005;Węgrzyn et al, 2012;Allison, 2007;Nejman et al, 2009;Łoś et al, 2011;Riley et al, 2012). What clearly distinguishes all Stx phages from l is the presence of stx genes, coding for Shiga toxins, in their genomes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%