Identification of genotype 3 hepatitis E virus in fecal samples from a pig farm located in a Shanghai suburb

Full genome analysis of swine genotype 3 hepatitis E virus isolated from eastern China

“…After the first detection of swine Chinese genotype 3 isolate in Shanghai (Ning et al, 2007), high HEV prevalence among Chinese swine herds was detected, indicating that genotype 3 HEV infections in swine had become more common in eastern China (Zhang et al, 2010a). Furthermore, Zhang et al (2010b) revealed that genotype 3 HEV was also circulating in the human population in recent years in eastern China.…”

Adaptation of Genotype 3 Hepatitis E Virus in Eastern China and Inverse Correlation with Genotype 4 Hepatitis E Virus

“…Reverse transcription of extracted RNA was undertaken with SuperScript TM III Reverse Transcriptase (Invitrogen) at 42° for 50 min using random hexamers. The cDNA was then subjected to nested PCR with Ex Taq TM DNA polymerase (Takara, Japan) using degenerate oligonucleotide primers that detected the ORF2 region [20] . Primers P1 (5 CTGTTTAAYCTTGCTGACAC3 ) and P2 (5 WGARAGCCAAAGCACATC3 ) were used as external primers for the first round of PCR, and primers P3 (5 GACAGAATTGATTTCGTCG3 ) and P4 (5 TGYTGGTTR-TCRTAATCCTG3 ) were used as internal primers for the second round of PCR.…”

“…Genotype 2 HEV has been reported in Mexico and a few African countries [7,8,[14][15][16] . Genotype 3 HEV is widely distributed in many regions including North America, Europe, and some Asian countries [17][18][19][20] . Genotype 4 HEV was originally detected in China in 1993 [21] and has been found to exist in other Asian countries [22] .…”

Construction of an Infectious cDNA Clone of a Swine Genotype 3 HEV Strain Isolated in Shanghai, China

“…Genotype 1 has been reported in China and several other Asia and African countries, while genotype 2 has so far been confined mainly to Mexico. Epidemics of genotype 3 have been reported in many regions including North America, Europe and some Asian countries [23,24,25,26,27,28], and of genotype 4 in several Asian countries. Recently, several other novel hepeviruses have been isolated from HEV infections of rabbits [29], rats [30,31,32,33,34], bats [35] and cut-throat trout [36].…”

“…In 2007, swine genotype 3 HEV was reported in Shanghai [25], and a strain designated SAAS-JDY5 was isolated later for full-length genome sequence analysis [40]. More recently, a human genotype 3 HEV infection was reported in Jiangsu Province adjoining the municipality of Shanghai [41] and, since this genotype is evidently an emerging infectious disease agent in China for both animals and humans, there is a clear need for more research on the mechanisms of cross-species transmission and the evolution of genotype 3 HEV in the region.…”