“…Much literature has made contributions [4]- [19] to obtain parameters with d ifferent on-line estimat ion strategies fro m the measured machine electrical signals, such as the model reference adaptive system (M RAS) [4]- [7], recursive least square algorithms (RLS) [8]- [11], Neu ral Kan Liu, Z.Q. Zhu, Fellow, IEEE, Qiao Zhang, Member, IEEE, and Jing Zhang P Network (NN) technology [12], [15], [19], and extended Kalman filter (EKF) [13]. For examp le, some literature proposes the use of the MRAS estimator to identify values of PMSM parameters, then utilized to improve the performance of sensorless control [4], [5].…”