Identification of methylglyoxal as a major mutagen in wood and bamboo pyroligneous acids

Abstract

To identify the major mutagen in pyroligneous acid (PA), 10 wood and 10 bamboo pyroligneous acids were examined using the Ames test in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA98. Subsequently, the mutagenic dicarbonyl compounds (DCs), glyoxal, methylglyoxal (MG), and diacetyl in PA were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography, and the mutagenic contribution ratios for each DC were calculated relative to the mutagenicity of PA. Eighteen samples were positive for mutagens and showed the strongest mutagenicity in TA100 in the absence of S9 mix. MG had the highest mutagenic contribution ratio, and its presence was strongly correlated with the specific mutagenicity of PA. These data indicate that MG is the major mutagen in PA.

Metabolites, elemental profile and chemical activities of Pinus strobus high temperature-derived pyroligneous acid

“…For instance, the antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation capacity of PA is due to its phenolic compounds, which induce high ROSscavenging and reducing power activities [2,19]. The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of PA were positively correlated to its high organic acid and phenolic compounds [2,16,17,20]. All these results indicate that PA possesses a great potential to be used as a sustainable product.…”

“…In medicine, PA has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects against 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) induced dermatitis by inhibiting the proliferation of epithelial cells in mice [15]. Other biological activities such as antifungal, termiticidal, antitermitic and strong antioxidant effects have also been reported [2,[16][17][18].…”