Identification of MicroRNAs That Respond to Soybean Cyst Nematode Infection in Early Stages in Resistant and Susceptible Soybean Cultivars

Abstract

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) causes heavy losses to soybean yield. In order to investigate the roles of soybean miRNAs during the early stages of infection (1 and 5 dpi), 24 small RNA libraries were constructed from SCN resistant cultivar Huipizhi (HPZ) and the susceptible Williams 82 (W82) cultivar for high-throughput sequencing. By sequencing the small RNA libraries, a total of 634 known miRNAs were identified, and 252 novel miRNAs were predicted. Altogether, 14 known miRNAs belonging to 13 families, and 26 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed and may respond to SCN infection in HPZ and W82. Similar expression results were also confirmed by qRT-PCR. Further analysis of the biological processes that these potential target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs regulate found that they may be strongly related to plant–pathogen interactions. Overall, soybean miRNAs experience profound changes in early stages of SCN infection in both HPZ and W82. The findings of this study can provide insight into miRNAome changes in both HPZ and W82 at the early stages of infection, and may provide a stepping stone for future SCN management.

Soybean miR159-GmMYB33 Regulatory Network Involved in Gibberellin-Modulated Resistance to Heterodera glycines

“…Our previous study also found several conserved plant miRNAs differently expressed at the early stage of SCN infection in soybean roots, including miR159. Other studies also found that miR159 was significantly downregulated in different soybean cultivars at different SCN infection stages [ 10 , 11 , 33 , 34 ]. These results suggested that miR159 family members may respond to SCN differently.…”

“…Several previous studies have found soybean miR159 family members differently expressed during SCN parasitism [ 10 , 11 , 33 , 34 ]. The evidence from high-throughput sequencing implicated that the soybean miR159- GAMYB module may play an important role in soybean resistance to SCN.…”

Evaluation of Scopoletin from Penicillium janthinellum Snef1650 for the Control of Heterodera glycines in Soybean

“…H. glycines' survival depends on the development and maintenance of the syncytium. Under nematode stress conditions, resistant soybean cultivars confine the arrangement and advancement of syncytia through several mechanisms during the early phases of soybean-SCN interactions [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. Nevertheless, the scopoletin-coating effect on suppressing the development of syncytia in susceptible soybean cultivars has been unclear.…”

“…For observing histological alterations in TJ2 and CKJ2 at 9 dpi, root samples were cut in 1-cm cubes prior to fixation with Carnoy's fix solution for measuring the syncytia, according to the method described by Lei, P [55].…”

Plant miRNA Cross-Kingdom Transfer Targeting Parasitic and Mutualistic Organisms as a Tool to Advance Modern Agriculture

“…However, these studies mostly focus on the ability to uptake double strand RNAs (dsRNAs) from the environment (Huang et al, 2006;Tian et al, 2019) rather than on the cross-kingdom transfer of plant miRNAs. Many studies have investigated the involvement of plant miRNAs and their corresponded gene targets in response to phytonematodes infection (Hewezi et al, 2008;Li et al, 2012;Lei et al, 2019;Pan et al, 2019). Transcriptomic analyses evidenced extensive reprogramming of gene expression at the nematode feeding sites, modulated by plant miRNAs; also, some conserved miRNAs were shown to have analogous roles in feeding site formation in different plant species (Jaubert-Possamai et al, 2019).…”