Identification of Mirror Repeats in Viral Genomes using FPCB Analysis

Abstract

The majority of living domains consist of DNA as genetic material with the minor exception of viruses. The unique nature of every species determines by its unique pattern of genome or gene products. The genomic features become an evident example of evolutionary study also. Different types of repeat patterns are observed in genomes of living domains including human beings whose two third portion of the genome is repetitive. Among the varied type of repeat sequences Mirror Repeats (MR) play crucial roles at the genetic level in every species. The major focus of our research is on identification & to check the distribution of mirror repeat. For this, we employed a bioinformatics-based approach refer as FASTA PARALLEL COMPLEMENT BLAST (FPCB) to identify unique mirror repeat (MR) sequences in some selected viral genomes from three different categories (Animal, Plant & Human). The identified repeats vary in their length as well as found to be distributed throughout the selected viral genomes. The maximum no of MR were reported in the case of Dengue virus (229) & minimum is in the case of TMV (97). In the remaining selected viruses - HCV, HPV, HTLV-1, PVY, Rabies virus 178, 156, 175, 203 & 204 MR sequences were reported. These sequences can be utilized in many ways like in molecular diagnosis, drug delivery target as well as evolutionary study, etc. The present research also helps in the development of novel tools of bioinformatics to study mirror repeats and their functional perspective in the context of their occurrence in all domains.

In-silicoevaluation of Mirror repeats in some selected genes ofCandida albicans

“…According to the recent study done on human insulin gene were reported a total number of 210 MR sequences in insulin gene (21). Similar like this other studies on animal & plant viruses (19), bacterial genes (16), model plant (17) & some animal domains (24-26) also provide an insight on the frequent occurrence of Mirror repeats in genes/genomes. The output of current study on selected genes of Candida albicans also shows that MR sequences frequently present in all the selected genes.…”

“…Due to mutation in polypyrimidine and polypurine mirror repeat it causes genomic instability that results in genetic, neurological diseases (12)(13)(14)(15). Mirror repeats have been identified in various phyla including bacteria, animal & plant viruses, as well as in human insulin gene (16)(17)(18)(19). The present research will focus on identification of mirror repeats in some selected genes of fungi Candida albicans using an in silico technique (FPCB) (20).…”