Identification of new Brome mosaic virus (BMV) isolates systemically infecting Vigna unguiculata L

Abstract

Here we describe two Brome mosaic virus (BMV) isolates from the Wielkopolska region of Poland. The BMV-Sr and BMV-Sz isolates were collected from maize [Zea mays L. ssp. Indentata] and triticale [× Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus] plants respectively. Newly emerged BMV isolates, similarly to the BMV-M2 strain derived from an Arkansas isolate, have a wide host range that includes species in the Poaceae and Fabaceae families. Furthermore, immunological reactions of icosahedral virions from non-inoculated cowpea [Vigna unguiculata L.] leaves with a specific immunoglobulin confirmed that each of these isolates can systemically infect cowpea. We characterized the BMV-Sr and BMV-Sz genomic sequences encoding the replication protein (1a), polymerase (2a), complete movement protein (3a) and coat protein (CP) genes. The 1a, 2a, 3a and CP gene sequences showed 98.9, 97.6, 98.4 and 97.7 % nucleotide sequence identity between the Polish isolates respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on these four genes confirmed the species identity of the isolates. A phylogenetic tree based on RNA3 (3a and CP genes) showed independent clustering of the Polish isolates. Amino acid sequence analysis of the 3a protein revealed that both Polish isolates are characterized by a single amino acid mutation at the 81st position, when compared with the Russian isolate. It had been previously reported that four amino acid mutations in this region determined BMV systemic infection in cowpea. Our results indicate that a single non-synonymous substitution in the cell-to-cell movement protein may be crucial for the nature of cowpea infection.

Detection of infectious Brome mosaic virus in irrigation ditches and draining strands in Poland

“…First evidence of the BMV variability was provided by Valverde (1983) who described BMV isolates naturally infecting Commelina diffusa and C. communis. Further studies provided reports of following new strains, BMV-KU1 (Mise et al 1992), BMV-Fescue (Ding et al 2006), BMV-Czech (Gadiou and Kundu 2010) and recently reported an Estonian isolate (Sömera et al 2016) as well as an isolate systemically infecting Vigna unguiculata (Trzmiel et al 2015a andTrzmiel et al 2016). The variability of BMV isolates is closely associated with the interaction with the virus host (De Jong and Ahlquist 1991).…”

Biological and molecular characterisation of the two Polish Wheat streak mosaic virus isolates and their transmission by wheat curl mites

“…The RNA of WSMV-Sze was amplified using a On-eStep RT-PCR Kit (Qiagen, Germany). The reactions Trzmiel et al (2016). Subsequently, they were analysed using the Standard Nucleotide BLAST online tool (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi) and edited using the BioEdit software (version 7.2.5) (Hall 1999).…”

Duplex-RT-PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of Brome mosaic virus and Cocksfoot mottle virus in cereal plants

“…Since both viruses have morphologically identical spherical virions, are transmitted by the same vectors, and induce similar symptoms on infected plants, proper diagnostics of these viruses can be problematic. To date, detection of BMV and CfMV is based on biological tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) or reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) [2,5,8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. A multiplex-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (multiplex-RT-PCR) is the promising alternative for above mentioned techniques which has been developed for the rapid and efficient detection of many RNA viruses in one reaction [5,20,21].…”