Sharma K., Sedlák P., Zeka D., Vejl P., Soukup J., 2014. Allele-specific PCR detection of sweet cherry selfincompatibility alleles S 3 , S 4 and S 9 using consensus and allele-specific primers in the Czech Republic. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 41: 153-159.Prunus avium species of the Rosaceae family exhibit gametophytic self-incompatibility. Determination of the selfincompatibility genotype of individuals is essential for genetic studies and the development of informed management strategies. The PCR-based detection of S-allele helps to promote and speed up traditional breeding activity and hence molecular analysis of the perspective genotypes has become more intensive in all cherry growing countries. The alleles S 3 , S 4 and S 9 from 34 accessions of Czech collections were determined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Initially, DNA extracts were amplified with consensus primers that amplify across the first, second, or both introns of the S-ribonuclease gene which shows a considerable length polymorphism. The new allele specific primers were designed with the goal to overcome some occurring difficulties in the detection of expected alleles by previously published allele specific primers. S-alleles fragments of standard cultivars used in this study were PCR amplified, sequenced to validate the designed primers. The study demonstrates the advantage of newly designed primers application in testing of sweet cherry genotypes.
Keywords: Prunus avium; S-alleles; allele-specific primers; consensus primersSweet cherries Prunus avium (L.) are usually diploid (2n = 2× = 16) trees (Webster 1996;Iezzoni 2008) which are characterized by mighty growth and a pyramidal tree top. Gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) in cherry is controlled by the multi-allelic S-locus, which prevents self-fertilization (de Nettancourt 2001;Franklin-Tong, Franklin 2003). The S-genotype is agronomically important because cultivars with the same S-genotype are cross incompatible.The stylar component of GSI was determined to be a ribonuclease (S-RNase) gene in the Rosaceae (Bošković, Tobutt 1996;Sassa et al. 1996). In the past, several P. avium S-alleles were identified as a result of cross pollination experiments and progeny testing in sweet cherry (Crane, Brown 1937) and later correlated with stylar ribonucleases (Bošković, Tobutt 1996). These S-RNases were also characterized at the molecular level (Tao et al. 1999;