Identification of Posterior Segment Pathology With en Face Retinal Imaging Using Multicolor Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy

Feng, Henry L.; Sharma, Sumit; Stinnett, Sandra S.; Asrani, Sanjay; Mruthyunjaya, Prithvi

doi:10.1097/iae.0000000000002111

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It has been widely used to describe the findings in various retinal and choroidal pathologies. 5 In MI, three reflectance images of the retina are simultaneously acquired using three individual lasers, thereby allowing the analysis of changes at various levels within the retina and the choroid. The information from these three images is integrated to form a composite multicolor image.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in Imaging Findings in Choroidal Nevus Using Multicolor Imaging Vis-à-Vis Color Fundus Photography

Venkatesh

Pereira

Sangai

et al. 2020

Journal of Current Ophthalmology

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Purpose: To describe the multicolor imaging (MCI) features in a series of patients diagnosed with a choroidal nevus and compare it vis-à-vis color fundus photography (CFP) in identifying the lesion. Methods: In this retrospective, descriptive case series at a tertiary referral center in South India, all patients diagnosed with the choroidal nevus underwent CFP, optical coherence tomography, MCI, and infrared reflectance (IR) imaging. Results: In this study, we found that on MCI, the choroidal nevus could be identified in only six of the 12 eyes. The lesions were seen as an area of hyperreflectance on IR image and orange-colored lesion on multicolor image. In one eye, there was a mixed pattern of hyper and hyporeflectance on IR imaging. The remaining five eyes with choroidal nevus lesions were not identified on MCI. Conclusion: The variable features of the choroidal nevus on MCI are most likely due to the variable melanin content within the nevus cells. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in Imaging Findings in Choroidal Nevus Using Multicolor Imaging Vis-à-Vis Color Fundus Photography

Venkatesh

Pereira

Sangai

et al. 2020

Journal of Current Ophthalmology

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“…This may be due to absorption properties of the HRD or wavelength interactions with macular pigment. 19 Therefore it is very likely that the en face OCT HRD described in this study, and in the Corradetti study, represent the white dot fovea described by Yokotsuka et al 1 using SEM. Note that subsequent publications of white dot fovea 16 , 20 illustrated more pathological features suggestive of macular disease and likely do not represent the anatomical landmarks described in the article by Yokotsuka et al 1 and in our studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

En Face Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Foveal Dots in Eyes With Posterior Vitreous Detachment or Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling

Pole

Navajas

et al. 2021

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose To analyze the morphology of foveal hyperreflective dots (HRD) identified with en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) and evaluate the effects of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) on the number of these lesions. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with OCT angiography and en face OCT. Using en face OCT, superficial HRD lying on the foveal floor were measured and quantitated in eyes with ILM peel and in the fellow nonsurgical eyes. Eyes with foveal PVD were also compared to fellow eyes without foveal PVD. High-magnification en face OCT was also performed to better understand the morphology of HRD in the fovea. Results Eyes that underwent ILM peel (n = 10) displayed fewer HRD ( P = 0.012) compared to control fellow nonoperated eyes. In eyes with foveal PVD, the mean number of HRD was numerically greater, but without statistical significance, compared to the contralateral eye without foveal PVD. High-magnification en face OCT illustrated HRD with irregular shapes and fine cilia-like or dendriform extensions. Average length of HRD was between 15 to 21 µm in all four groups. Conclusions HRD decreased in eyes with ILM peeling by en face OCT compared with fellow nonoperated eyes and exhibited a glial cell-like morphology and size closely resembling the white dot fovea described previously using scanning electron microscopy. HRD may represent processes of activated retinal glia, possibly Muller cells, that traverse defects in the ILM.

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“…Blue laser is absorbed by macular pigment and can capture details of superficial retinal structures, whereas green laser is absorbed by hemoglobin and provides vascular details of the retina in addition to giving a good reflectance image of surface retinal disease. Because of the longer wavelength, near-infrared laser penetrates deeper into the retina, allowing better imaging of the retinal pigment epithelium and the choroid [ 32 – 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal Imaging of Lamellar Macular Holes

dell’Omo

Filippelli

Turris

et al. 2021

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Evolution of imaging techniques has renewed interest in the diagnosis of lamellar macular hole (LMH) and greatly implemented the possibilities of gaining more detailed insights into its pathogenesis. Among noninvasive techniques, optical coherence tomography (OCT) is considered the primary examination modality to study LMHs, given its ability to image foveal structure and its widespread availability. OCT also allows to resolve the epiretinal materials associated with LMH, i.e., tractional epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and epiretinal proliferation (EP). En face OCT reconstructions are useful to confirm the foveal abnormalities shown by the eyes with LMH, whereas OCT angiography may reveal alterations of the size and shape of the foveal avascular zone and alterations of the density of the superficial and deep vascular plexuses. On slit-lamp biomicroscopy or fundus camera examination, LMH appears as a round or oval, reddish lesion at the center of the macula, slightly darker than the surrounding retina. The associated tractional ERM, causing wrinkling and glistening of the retinal surface, is usually readily appreciable, whereas EP is hardly apparent on biomicroscopy or fundus photography since the retina surface appears smooth. When imaged with blue fundus autofluorescence (B-FAF) imaging, LMHs are characterized by an increased autofluorescent signal, the intensity of which does not correlate with the thickness of the residual outer retinal tissue. Green reflectance and blue reflectance (BR) images clearly show the increased reflection and wrinkling of the retinal surface caused by tractional ERM associated with LMH. BR and multicolor imaging enable the visualization of EP associated with LMH in the form of a sharply demarcated dark area and in the form of a yellowish area surrounding the hole, respectively. Scarce data regarding invasive imaging techniques, such as fluorescein angiography, for the study of LMH are available in the literature. The aim of this review is to evaluate the contribution that each imaging modality can provide to study the morphologic characteristics of LMH.

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Identification of Posterior Segment Pathology With en Face Retinal Imaging Using Multicolor Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy

Abstract: Multicolor confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy is capable of identifying posterior segment pathology at various anatomical depths and may be a useful adjunct to SD-OCT for detecting or monitoring certain retinal conditions.

Cited by 26 publications

References 19 publications

Variability in Imaging Findings in Choroidal Nevus Using Multicolor Imaging Vis-à-Vis Color Fundus Photography

Variability in Imaging Findings in Choroidal Nevus Using Multicolor Imaging Vis-à-Vis Color Fundus Photography

En Face Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Foveal Dots in Eyes With Posterior Vitreous Detachment or Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling

Multimodal Imaging of Lamellar Macular Holes

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