Identification of potential on-farm sources of Listeria monocytogenes in herds of dairy cattle

Mohammed, Hussni O.; Stipetić, Korana; McDonough, Patrick L.; González, R. N.; Nydam, D.V.; Atwill, Edward R

doi:10.2460/ajvr.70.3.383

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The results have highlighted that bales may be contaminated by pathogenic and nonpathogenic Listeria species, with a predominance of L. innocua over L. monocytogenes, as also previously reported (Fenlon et al, 1989;Husu et al, 2000;Mohammed et al, 2009). This could be considered positive, even if the World Health Organization (1988) indicated that the presence of nonpathogenic species indicates that environmental conditions are favorable for the survival and growth of the pathogenic species as well.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Detection, identification, and typing of Listeria species from baled silages fed to dairy cows

Nucera

Grassi

Morra

et al. 2016

Journal of Dairy Science

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Anaerobiosis, critical for successful ensilage, constitutes a challenge in baled silages. The loss of complete anaerobiosis causes aerobic deterioration and silages undergo dry matter and nutrient losses, pathogen growth, and mycotoxin production. Silage may represent an ideal substrate for Listeria monocytogenes, a pathogen of primary concern in several cheeses. The aim of this research was to investigate the occurrence of Listeria in baled silage fed to cows producing milk for a protected designation of origin cheese, and to characterize isolates by repetitive sequence-based PCR. Listeria spp. were detected in 21 silages and L. monocytogenes in 6 out of 80 of the analyzed silages; 67% of positives were found in molded zones. Results of the PCR typing showed genotypic homogeneity: 72.9 and 78.8% similarity between strains of Listeria spp. (n = 56) and L. monocytogenes (n = 24), respectively. Identical profiles were recovered in molded and nonmolded areas, indicating that contamination may have occurred during production. The application of PCR allowed the unambiguous identification of Listeria isolated from baled silages, and repetitive sequence-based PCR allowed a rapid and effective typing of isolates. Results disclose the potential of the systematic typing of Listeria in primary production, which is needed for the understanding of its transmission pathways.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Detection, identification, and typing of Listeria species from baled silages fed to dairy cows

Nucera

Grassi

Morra

et al. 2016

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The inter- and intra-farm movement of animals and/or farmers is an important contribution in the listeria dispersion throughout the farm [33]. In addition to the feces, [40, 42, 43], animal drinking water [42, 44, 45], feeds or feed components [40, 45], sawdust bedding, farmyard manure, soil in which fodder plants were grown, cattle feed such as silage hay cubes, beet pulp and wheat lees [46], pest and wildlife could disseminate L. monocytogenes in their feces [33, 47, 48] are possible sources and routes of L. monocytogenes infection for the animals. The success in the control of the previous sources of animal, farm or/and environmental contamination with L. monocytogenes would thereby be in the welfare of the farm animals and farm environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of virulence and antibiotic resistance pattern of biofilm producing Listeria species isolated from retail raw milk

et al. 2016

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BackgroundOne of the foodborne pathogens is Listeria monocytogenes, which causes serious invasive illness in elderly and immunocompromised patients, pregnant women, newborns and infants ranking second after salmonellosis because of its high case fatality rate. Listerial cow mastitis marked by abnormal milk, increased cell counts and reduced production has not been reported. Therefore, apparently healthy cows can be reservoirs of L. monocytogenes. A number of 203 udder milk samples from apparently healthy animals (buffalo, n = 100; cow, n = 103) were collected and tested for Listeria. Isolated colonies on the PALCAM agar were Listeria species confirmed according to their biochemical and the Christie–Atkins–Munch-Petersen (CAMP) reactions. The Listeria species pathogenicity of was tested by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, DL-alanine-β-naphthylamide HCl, Dalanine-p-nitroanilide tests, chick embryo, mice inoculation tests, Vero cell cytotoxicity and biofilm formation. The virulence-associated genes, hlyA, plcB, actA and iap associated with Listeria were molecularly assayed.ResultsThe 17 isolated Listeria spp. represented a prevalence rate of 8.4 %. Of these 3 (1.4 %), 2 (1 %), 5 (2.5 %), 4 (2 %) and 3 (1.5 %) were confirmed as L. monocytogenes, L. innocua, L. welshimeri, L. seelegeri, respectively. While the L. monocytogenes isolate displayed all the four virulence-associated genes, L. seelegeri carried the hlyA gene only. The L. monocytogenes had a strong in vitro affinity to form a biofilm, in particular serotype 4 which is associated with human infections. L. monocytogenes showed resistance for 9/27 antibiotics.ConclusionsThe biofilm forming capability of the Listeria spps. makes them particularly successful in colonizing surfaces within the host thus being responsible for persistence infections and due to their antimicrobial resistant phenotype that this structure confers. In addition, strains belonging to serotypes associated with human infections and characterized by pathogenic potential (serotype 4) are capable to persist within the processing plants forming biofilm and thus being a medical hazard.

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“…The investigation of an epidemiological link between silage feeding and listeriosis in ruminants, however, gave inconsistent results. Whilst some studies could isolate matching LM strains in brains of affected animals and silage samples, others yielded unrelated strains [92, 94, 95, 98, 101, 108, 109]. A recent study detected a higher prevalence of the bacterium in samples collected from the immediate cattle environment (feed bunks, water through and beddings) and in cattle feces than in silage challenging the view that silage is the only source of LM infection [92].…”

Section: Listeriosis In Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst some studies could isolate matching LM strains in brains of affected animals and silage samples, others yielded unrelated strains [92, 94, 95, 98, 101, 108, 109]. A recent study detected a higher prevalence of the bacterium in samples collected from the immediate cattle environment (feed bunks, water through and beddings) and in cattle feces than in silage challenging the view that silage is the only source of LM infection [92]. This finding is in line with reports and our own observations of outbreaks unrelated to silage feeding [110–113].…”

Section: Listeriosis In Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhombencephalitis Caused byListeria monocytogenesin Humans and Ruminants: A Zoonosis on the Rise?

Oevermann

Zurbriggen

Vandevelde

2010

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases

125

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Listeriosis is an emerging zoonotic infection of humans and ruminants worldwide caused by Listeria monocytogenes (LM). In both host species, CNS disease accounts for the high mortality associated with listeriosis and includes rhombencephalitis, whose neuropathology is strikingly similar in humans and ruminants. This review discusses the current knowledge about listeric encephalitis, and involved host and bacterial factors. There is an urgent need to study the molecular mechanisms of neuropathogenesis, which are poorly understood. Such studies will provide a basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies that aim to prevent LM from invading the brain and spread within the CNS.

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Identification of potential on-farm sources of Listeria monocytogenes in herds of dairy cattle

Abstract: L monocytogenes was more prevalent in samples obtained from dairy cattle and their environment than in milk samples. Strategies to control the pathogen in dairy operations should focus on cow hygiene and sanitary milk harvesting on the farm.

Cited by 54 publications

References 42 publications

Detection, identification, and typing of Listeria species from baled silages fed to dairy cows

Detection, identification, and typing of Listeria species from baled silages fed to dairy cows

Determination of virulence and antibiotic resistance pattern of biofilm producing Listeria species isolated from retail raw milk

Rhombencephalitis Caused byListeria monocytogenesin Humans and Ruminants: A Zoonosis on the Rise?

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