Identification of regulated proteins in naked barley grains ( Hordeum vulgare nudum ) after Fusarium graminearum infection at different grain ripening stages

Disease Resistance Mechanisms in Plants

“…Thaumatin-like proteins, named after the protein thaumatin from Thaumatococcus daniellii [ 291 ], are also pathogenesis-related proteins. Barley thaumatin-like proteins bind to 1,3-β-D-glucans [ 292 ], associated with resistance to powdery mildew [ 293 ], F. graminearum [ 294 ], or general antifungal activity [ 295 ]. The antifungal thaumatin-like proteins osmotin (tobacco), zeamatin (maize), hordomatin (barley), avematin (oat), and trimatin (wheat) are permatins that form transmembrane pores in fungal membranes [ 295 , 296 , 297 , 298 ].…”

Seedsvsfungi: an enzymatic battle in the soil seedbank

“…While albumin and globulin seed proteins function primarily in nutrient storage, increasing evidence suggests they also function in defence against fungi, bacteria and insects (Terras et al, 1992(Terras et al, , 1993Marcus et al, 1999;Sales et al, 2000;Freire et al, 2015). Using 2DGE and mass spectrometry, POD was detected at increasing abundance during the milk stages from 7 to 14 days after Seed Science Research inoculation (DAI), but decreased during the proceeding dough stages (21 to 54 DAI) to non-detectable levels (Trümper et al, 2016). Comparable results were seen in the POD activity of resistant and susceptible wheat heads inoculated with F. graminearum, which increased significantly during the milk stage compared with the non-inoculated controls (Mohammadi and Kazemi, 2002).…”

Biocontrol Effect of Clonostachys rosea on Fusarium graminearum Infection and Mycotoxin Detoxification in Oat (Avena sativa)

“…Several PR-proteins have antifungal properties and their induction is observed in plants exhibiting a high level of disease resistance. In common with most pathogens, F. graminearum is known to upregulate PR-genes in cereals [ 40 , 41 , 42 ], suggesting their role in plant defence against the pathogen.…”