Identification of Rotavirus Strains Causing Diarrhoea in Children under Five Years of Age in Yogyakarta, Indonesian

Abstract

Background: Rotavirus is an important cause of severe diarrhoea in children. The aims of this study were to identify the rotavirus strains that cause diarrhoea in children in Yogyakarta and to determine the association between rotavirus positivity and its clinical manifestations.Methods: Clinical data and stool samples were collected from children hospitalised at Kodya Yogyakarta Hospital, Indonesia. Rotavirus was detected in stool samples using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA), which was followed by genotyping using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Electropherotyping was performed for the rotavirus-positive samples.Results: In total, 104 cases were included in the study, 57 (54.8%) of which were rotavirus-positive. Based on a multiple logistic regression analysis, age group, vomiting and stool mucous were associated with rotavirus positivity. Most of the 56 samples subjected to genotyping were classified as G1 (80.36%) and P[8] (69.64%) genotypes. The genotype combination G1P[8] was identified as the most prevalent strain (66.07%). Of the 19 samples subjected to electropherotyping, 17 G1 isolates and 1 G3 isolate had long patterns, and 1 G1 isolate had a short pattern.Conclusion: G1P[8] was the most dominant strain of rotavirus causing diarrhoea in children in Yogyakarta. Age group, vomiting and stool mucous were associated with rotavirus positivity.

Epidemiologic characteristics and clinical course of children with acute gastroenteritis hospitalized in the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Hepatology at John Paul II Hospital in Krakow

“…Our study showed that the largest group of patients comprise of children between 2 and 5 years of age and this finding is consistent with other study results (17,19,20). Also in line with other studies, the incidence of AGE in boys was slightly higher than in girls (21,22).…”

“…The correlations between clinical signs and etiological factors in this study were consistent with other results (17,20,26,27). Fever, diarrhea and stools with blood, mucus and/or pus occurred more frequent in patients with bacterial AGE, while vomiting appeared more often in children with viral infections.…”

“…Występowanie objawów chorobowych w zależności od czynnika etiologicznego, pokazanych w prezentowanej pracy, pokrywa się z doniesieniami innych autorów (17,20,26,27). Gorączka, biegunka oraz patologiczne domieszki w kale częściej obserwowano w infekcjach bakteryjnych, natomiast w AGE o etiologii wirusowej znamiennie częściej występowały wymioty.…”

“…Większość literatury wykazuje, że AGE najczęściej dotyczą niemowląt oraz małych dzieci do 5 r.ż. (17,19,20). Nasze badanie potwierdza te obserwacje, gdyż w przedstawionej analizie dominowały dzieci poniżej 5 r.ż., a najliczniejszą grupę chorych stanowiły dzieci pomiędzy 2. a 5. r.ż.…”

Molecular characterisation of rotavirus strains detected during a clinical trial of the human neonatal rotavirus vaccine (RV3-BB) in Indonesia

“…Full genome analysis on the Indonesia G3P[8] strain demonstrated it was an inter-genogroup reassortant, containing an equine-like G3 VP7, a P[8] VP4 gene and a genogroup 2 backbone I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. This strain has not been previously reported in strain surveillance conducted in Indonesia [29] , [30] . The genomes of the Indonesian equine-like G3P[8] strains were most similar to strains detected in Spain and Hungry in 2015 [31] , [32] .…”