No abstract

Background: Rotavirus is an important cause of severe diarrhoea in children. The aims of this study were to identify the rotavirus strains that cause diarrhoea in children in Yogyakarta and to determine the association between rotavirus positivity and its clinical manifestations.Methods: Clinical data and stool samples were collected from children hospitalised at Kodya Yogyakarta Hospital, Indonesia. Rotavirus was detected in stool samples using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA), which was followed by genotyping using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Electropherotyping was performed for the rotavirus-positive samples.Results: In total, 104 cases were included in the study, 57 (54.8%) of which were rotavirus-positive. Based on a multiple logistic regression analysis, age group, vomiting and stool mucous were associated with rotavirus positivity. Most of the 56 samples subjected to genotyping were classified as G1 (80.36%) and P[8] (69.64%) genotypes. The genotype combination G1P[8] was identified as the most prevalent strain (66.07%). Of the 19 samples subjected to electropherotyping, 17 G1 isolates and 1 G3 isolate had long patterns, and 1 G1 isolate had a short pattern.Conclusion: G1P[8] was the most dominant strain of rotavirus causing diarrhoea in children in Yogyakarta. Age group, vomiting and stool mucous were associated with rotavirus positivity.

No abstract

stillbirth, fetal loss, neonatal death, low birth weight, preterm birth and syphilis infection in the infant. In Haiti, 90% of pregnant women report at least one antenatal visit. We evaluated the field performance of the SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo test in a high-risk setting in Port-au-Prince, Haiti using whole blood fingerprick specimens. Methods GHESKIO (Haitian Study Group for Kaposi's sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections) clinic attendees 18 years of age or older were invited to participate. Venipuncture blood specimens were used for reference testing: for HIV, Murex HIV-1.2.0 (Dia-Sorin S.p. A.) or Determine HIV-1/2 (Alere Inc). Positive results were confirmed with the HIV(1+2) Rapid Test Strip (KHB Shanghai Kehua Bioengineering Co. Ltd). For Treponema pallidum (Tp) antibody comparison, Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA) (Human Gesellschaft fur Biochemica und Diagnostica mbH) was used. For 21 TPHA indeterminate results, specimens were retested using a Tp enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test (ELISA) (Architect Syphilis Tp, Abbott Laboratories). Sensitivity and specificity were calculated and the exact binomial method was used to determine 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Of 298 study participants, 61 (20.5%) were male. Of 237 females, 49 (20.7%) were pregnant. For the HIV component, sensitivity and specificity were 99.2% (95% CI: 95.8%, 100%) and 97.0% (95% CI: 93.2%, 99.0%), respectively. All 21 TPHA indeterminate results were Tp ELISA reactive. For the Tp component, sensitivity and specificity were 96.5% (95% CI: 91.2%, 99.0%) and 90.8% (95% CI: 85.7%, 94.6%), respectively. In pregnant women, the HIV component sensitivity and specificity were 93.3% (95% CI: 68.0%, 99.8%) and 94.1% (95% CI: 80.3%, 99.3%), respectively; and for the Tp component were 100% (95% CI: 81.5%, 100%) and 96.8% (83.3%, 99.9%), respectively. Conclusion The HIV antibody component of the Duo test shows excellent performance. The Treponema pallidum antibody component showed high sensitivity, and slightly lower specificity. Amongst pregnant women the test performed very well. Abstracts Sex Transm Infect 2015;91(Suppl 2):A1-A258 A129