Identification of sex and age for Egyptians using computed tomography of the first lumbar vertebra

Abstract

Background: Identification of bony remains and other decomposed parts of human is of great importance not only for legal but also for humanitarian reasons. However, in certain instances due to burial factors or in cases of explosion disasters, many of large bones may be destroyed or incomplete. For age and sex identification, vertebrae aren't well studied; however, many vertebrae showed high accuracy rates for sex identification. Methodology: One hundred and twenty-three Egyptian patients were included in the current study; 62 were females and 61 were males (age from 10 to 64 years). Abdominal Computer tomography (CT) scans were done for those patients in the Department of Radiology in kasralainy faculty of medicine, Cairo University after they gave informed consent. Fifteen linear measurements were taken for the first lumbar vertebra (L1) to assess age and sex. Results: Male patients showed larger mean values most of measurements of the first lumbar vertebra than females and sex was determined at accuracy rate of 84.6%. Moreover, significant correlation was found for age and majority of measurements; but unfortunately it was weak correlation. Conclusion: Sex can be estimated from first lumbar vertebrae with reasonable levels of accuracy in legal and humanitarian situations when skeletal remains are incomplete. However, it seems that vertebral measurements of lumbar vertebra aren't useful indicator for age estimation with further studies needed on larger samples and on different age groups.

Clinicohistopathological And Immunological Alterations in Egyptian Donkeys Infested by Rhinoestrus Spp. During the Winter Season

“…Depending on IgG optical densities' values combined with the existence of larval stage, the results showed that infested and non-infested animal cases could be distinguished from each other all over the winter season as the infested cases were constantly detected. This finding might confirm previous results [3,6] where the larval stage was established and the optical densities' values were increasing gradually during the winter season. This result was likeminded with activity of adult fly which began in December so, specific IgG levels were found to be sharply increased and positively interact with developing L2 and/or L3 larvae.…”

“…Rhinoestrosis is a parasitic diseasethat impairs equids' welfare and performance of infested animals, resulting in significant economic losses [3].Studies on Rhinoestrus spp. infesting donkeys in Egypt are scanty [6], without any documentation of its hematological, oxidative stress and pathological features.…”

“…The latter might be associated with penetration of the ethmoid bone and the meninges by Rhinoestrus spp. [3]. Mechanical effect of oral hooks and spines of oestrids larvae besides the proteolytic enzymes found in the secretory and excretory products of these larvae were responsible for these changes in the brain [20].…”

“…These larvae cause traumatic irritation to mucus membrane of nasal cavities and sinuses due to its creeping and cuticle's spines. In addition, damages to olfactory nerve and encephalomyelitis occur due to penetration of the larvae in the ethmoid and meninges [3]. This affection may induce local inflammation and causes clinical signs of varying intensity and severity ranging from inflammation to dyspnea, sneezing and cough [2].…”

Morphometric Study of Lumbar Vertebrae in Central Indian Population and Its Clinical Importance

“…9 Sex can be estimated from first lumbar vertebra with reasonable accuracy in medico-legal cases when skeletal remains are incomplete. 11…”