Background: Identification of bony remains and other decomposed parts of human is of great importance not only for legal but also for humanitarian reasons. However, in certain instances due to burial factors or in cases of explosion disasters, many of large bones may be destroyed or incomplete. For age and sex identification, vertebrae aren't well studied; however, many vertebrae showed high accuracy rates for sex identification. Methodology: One hundred and twenty-three Egyptian patients were included in the current study; 62 were females and 61 were males (age from 10 to 64 years). Abdominal Computer tomography (CT) scans were done for those patients in the Department of Radiology in kasralainy faculty of medicine, Cairo University after they gave informed consent. Fifteen linear measurements were taken for the first lumbar vertebra (L1) to assess age and sex. Results: Male patients showed larger mean values most of measurements of the first lumbar vertebra than females and sex was determined at accuracy rate of 84.6%. Moreover, significant correlation was found for age and majority of measurements; but unfortunately it was weak correlation. Conclusion: Sex can be estimated from first lumbar vertebrae with reasonable levels of accuracy in legal and humanitarian situations when skeletal remains are incomplete. However, it seems that vertebral measurements of lumbar vertebra aren't useful indicator for age estimation with further studies needed on larger samples and on different age groups.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Background: Sexual harassment is the most prevalent form of violence against women and the most abrasive. Women are harassed in their jobs, schools, universities, and even at homes. Methodology: A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 900 Egyptian females (between 15 and 60 years old), after giving expressed oral consent, using a prepared questionnaire that included ten questions about knowledge, type, and response to harassment. Participants were divided into two groups: group A of 500 female patients of non-medical background seeking medical advice in Kasr-Alainy hospital and Group B of 400 medical student females. The participants' epidemiological data were collected including age, marital status, residency, education, and status of work. Results: the study showed that the verbal type of harassment was the commonest (70%), school or street were the most common places of exposure (84%), the perpetrator was not known to the victim (97%). 75.1% of physical violence claims were in the form of simple wounds. Police service against harassment was known only to (62 %), and only (11%) of victims tried to contact police. Conclusion: The safety of women requires a multi-disciplinary preventive strategy, awareness about different types of violence against women is a crucial initial step, improving women's access to resources, and increasing the role of anti-harassment units in police as well as many universities in Egypt.