Identification of Sex Pheromone Components of KoreanDioryctria abietella(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Population and Synergism of Pheromone and Pine Cone Volatile Blends

Abstract

(9Z,11E)-tetradecadienyl acetate (9Z,11E-14:OAc) and (3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-pentacosapentaene (C25 pentaene), known as the sex pheromone of the European Dioryctria abietella population, were identified in the Korean D. abietella population. The ratio of 9Z,11E-14:OAc to C25 pentaene extracted from female pheromone glands was 1:23. The electroantennogram (EAG) response of male antennae to 9Z,11E-14:OAc was stronger than to C25 pentaene, whereas an opposite EAG response was observed in female antennae. Major volatile compounds in mature Korean pine cone (Pinus koraiensis), such as limonene, myrcene, and (-)-α-pinene, elicited dose-dependent EAG responses of male and female antennae. In field attraction testing, traps baited with 100:1,000, 100:2,000, and 100:3,000 ug of 9Z,11E-14:OAc to C25 pentaene were the most attractive to male D. abietella. More males were attracted to traps baited with 9Z,11E-14:OAc+C25 pentaene+limonene than traps baited with 9Z,11E-14:OAc+C25 pentaene. This showed that limonene acted as a synergist to sex pheromone. Delta traps, wing traps, and diamond traps were superior to bucket traps for capturing D. abietella males. This study showed that pheromone traps baited with 100:1,000 ~ 100:3,000 ug of 9Z,11E-14:OAc to C25 pentaene and limonene will be useful for the exact monitoring of D. abietella flight phenology in Pinus koraiensis Sieb. & Zucc. (Pinales: Pinaceae) forests.

Structure, Synthesis, and Bioassays of Sex Pheromone for Pyrausta machaeralis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

“…Hence, the identification of sex pheromones of the lepidoptera pest could be a powerful tool for detecting and controlling technology. Until now, sex pheromones have been identified in numerous lepidoptera insect pests, such as Pennisetia marginata (Sesiidae), Graellsia isabellae (Saturniidae), Spulerina astaurota (Gracillariidae), Dioryctria abietella (Pyralidae), and Diaphania angustalis (Crambidae). − Lepidopteran sex pheromones were generally classified into four types based on their chemical structure and biosynthetic origin, namely, type 0, type I, type II, and type III . Functional groups of type I pheromones include alcohols, acetates, and aldehydes at a terminal position .…”

Where, When, and Why Do Plant Volatiles Mediate Ecological Signaling? The Answer Is Blowing in the Wind

“…A few of the studies coded in this systematic review focused on the effects of plant volatiles on interactions between other organisms. Most of these investigated the influence of plant volatiles on interactions between herbivores, especially in mating or aggregation mediated via herbivore pheromones, which may be either enhanced or disrupted by plant volatiles (e.g., 17,26,28,62,93,95,139,154,156). It may be generally expected that host plant volatiles enhance sex pheromone activity (125), for example, by indicating that a food source for larvae (and perhaps for adults) is close to a mating site, and this has been demonstrated in longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae); however, the opposite effect has also been demonstrated, depending on the specific combination of beetle species and host plant, ranging from conifers to oaks (28).…”

Functional Characterization of Pheromone Receptors in the Beet Webworm, Loxostege sticticalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

“…The sex pheromones of Lepidoptera species, composed of two or more components, are biosynthesized and released by the female sex gland to attract male moths [5]. Since the first insect sex pheromone ((Z,E)-10,12-hexadecadienol) was identified in Bombyx mori [6], increasing numbers of insect sex pheromone compounds have been identified and introduced into agriculture to replace conventional pest control agents [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”