Identification of the parameters controlling the grain refinement of ultra-rapidly annealed low carbon Al-killed steels

Massardier, V.; Ngansop, A.; Fabrègue, Damien; Merlin, J.

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2010.05.024

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Increasing the heating rate will decrease the time available for the reconfiguration, thus decreasing the fraction of recrystallized ferrite at low temperatures. The shifting of recrystallization onset temperature has been reported in several studies …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The recrystallization behavior and texture formation in cold‐rolled steel, as a function of the heating rate, has been investigated in several steel grades . Among the general features that have commonly been observed are: 1) the recrystallization kinetics is enhanced by increasing the heating rate; 2) the temperature of recrystallization increases as a function of heating rate and it might overlap with the temperature of austenite formation; 3) there is a grain‐refinement effect in ferrite when the heating rate is increased; and 4) texture of recrystallized ferrite is similar to the deformed ferrite texture after applying ultrafast heating rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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“Flash” Annealing in a Cold‐Rolled Low Carbon Steel Alloyed with Cr, Mn, Mo, and Nb: Part II—Anisothermal Recrystallization and Transformation Textures

Cerda¹,

Kestens

Petrov

2018

steel research int.

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The aim of the present investigation is to study the microstructure and texture evolution in a cold‐rolled low carbon steel subjected to continuous heating and subsequent quenching. Peak‐annealing and quenching experiments are carried out at different temperatures at three heating rates (10, 400, and 1000 °C s−1). The texture evolution in ferrite and martensite is analyzed separately via Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) measurements. It is observed that the recrystallization is virtually completed at 771 °C in samples heated at 10 °C s−1. Conversely, the recrystallization is suppressed in samples heated at rates ≥400 °C s−1. In samples heated at 10 °C s−1, the ferrite texture evolves according to the well‐known recrystallization behavior, showing a maximum in {113}<110> components, whereas in samples heated at rates ≥400 °C s−1, the texture is similar to the one of the cold‐rolled material. It is concluded that the texture evolution in martensite is strongly dependent on the evolution of recrystallization textures in ferrite. A particular grain substructure product of the interaction between the recrystallization of ferrite and massive austenite formation is observed after heating at rates ≥400 °C s−1. However, this substructure seems to have effect neither on the textures of ferrite nor on the work hardening behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“Flash” Annealing in a Cold‐Rolled Low Carbon Steel Alloyed with Cr, Mn, Mo, and Nb: Part II—Anisothermal Recrystallization and Transformation Textures

Cerda¹,

Kestens

Petrov

2018

steel research int.

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“…Hence, in the last decades, new processing routes were developed, such as the rapid or "flash processing" treatment [4,5]. In literature, this process is also referred to as "ultra-fast heating" (UFH) [6,7] or "ultra-rapid annealing" (URA) [8,9]. It is based on heating the material to intercritical or fully austenitic temperature with heating rates well above 100 ºC/s, which is at least one order of magnitude higher than the conventional heating rates (≤ 10 ºC/s), followed by a short soaking at peak temperature and immediate quenching to the room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sensitivity of the microstructure and properties to the peak temperature in an ultrafast heat treated low carbon-steel

Valdes-Tabernero

Kumar

Petrov

et al. 2020

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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In this work, we investigate the sensitivity of the microstructure and mechanical properties of an ultrafast heat treated low carbon-steel to the peak temperature. In all studied cases, the steel was heated within the intercritical temperature range (i.e. between the AC1 and AC3 temperatures). Both the peak temperature and soaking time were varied, and their effect on the size, the fraction of individual microstructural constituents and their tensile mechanical response were investigated. It is shown that the increasing peak temperature and soaking time promote austenite formation and recrystallization processes in the ferritic matrix. The highest nanohardness is shown by martensitic grains, while recovered ferrite demonstrated slightly higher nanohardness compared to recrystallized ferrite. The applied heat treatment parameters have strong effect on the nanohardness of martensite, whereas nanohardness of ferrite microconstituents is not sensitive to variation of the peak temperature and soaking time. The non-recrystallized ferrite is harder than its recrystallized counterpart due to the higher dislocation density of the former. Increasing

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“…[6][7][8][9] This condition provides the ability to control the microstructure by means of the simultaneous occurrence of recrystallization and phase transformation. URA shifts the start temperature of recrystallization to higher values near and above Ac 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…URA shifts the start temperature of recrystallization to higher values near and above Ac 1 . 3,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] So, in the intercritical temperature range, recrystallization and phase transformation proceed concurrently and with a mutual "interaction". The intensity of the interaction depends of the amount of stored energy and determines the final microstructure of the steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain-refining ability of ultra-rapid annealing for low-carbon steel: severe plastic deformation

Mostafaei¹,

Kazeminezhad²

2017

Mater. Tehnol.

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To study the grain-refinement ability of ultra-rapid annealing (URA), heating rates from 0.3°C/s up to 1200°C/s with conventional annealing and URA in the intercritical temperature range were performed on severely deformed low-carbon steel. The results show that recrystallization in conventional annealing is completed below the critical temperature of Ac1 without grain refinement. URA up to 730°C at a heating rate of 200°C/s causes grain refinement due to full interaction between the recrystallization and phase transformation. URAs up to 730°C with heating rates of 600°C/s and 1000°C/s lead to partial grain refinement and no grain refinement, respectively. During annealing with a heating rate of 1200°C/s, the temperature should reach 760°C for the occurrence of recrystallization leading to grain refinement. The sample URAed at 600°C/s up to 730°C shows the maximum hardness due to fine grains being partially formed. Keywords: conventional annealing, ultra-rapid annealing, interaction, severe plastic deformation Za {tudij sposobnosti udrobnjenja zrn pri zelo hitrem`arjenju, so bile uporabljene hitrosti segrevanja od 0,3°C/s do 1200°C/s pri obi~ajnem in zelo hitrem`arjenju v interkriti~nem temperaturnem obmo~ju na mo~no deformiranem malooglji~nem jeklu. Rezultati ka`ejo, da je rekristalizacija pri konvencionalnem`arjenju zaklju~ena pod kriti~no temperaturo Ac1 brez udrobnjenja zrn. Zelo hitro`arjenje do 730°C pri hitrosti ogrevanja 200°C/s povzro~i udrobnjenje zrn, zaradi polne interakcije med rekristalizacijo in fazno premeno. Zelo hitro`arjenje do 730°C , s hitrostjo ogrevanja 600°C/s in 1000°C/s povzro~i delno udrobnjenje zrn oz. udrobnjenja zrn ni. Med ogrevanjem s hitrostjo 1200°C/s je potrebno dose~i temperaturo 760°C, da se pojavi rekristalizacija, ki povzro~i udrobnitev zrn. Vzorec po zelo hitrem`arjenju z 600°C/s do 730°C ka`e maksimalno trdoto zaradi delnega nastanka drobnih zrn.

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Identification of the parameters controlling the grain refinement of ultra-rapidly annealed low carbon Al-killed steels

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

“Flash” Annealing in a Cold‐Rolled Low Carbon Steel Alloyed with Cr, Mn, Mo, and Nb: Part II—Anisothermal Recrystallization and Transformation Textures

“Flash” Annealing in a Cold‐Rolled Low Carbon Steel Alloyed with Cr, Mn, Mo, and Nb: Part II—Anisothermal Recrystallization and Transformation Textures

The sensitivity of the microstructure and properties to the peak temperature in an ultrafast heat treated low carbon-steel

Grain-refining ability of ultra-rapid annealing for low-carbon steel: severe plastic deformation

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