Identification of Tmem10 as a Novel Late-stage Oligodendrocytes Marker for Detecting Hypomyelination

Abstract

Oligodendrocytes ensheath axons to form compact insulating multilamellar structures known as myelin. Tmem10 is a novel type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed in oligodendrocytes and whose biological function remains largely unknown. Furthermore, the expression pattern of Tmem10 remains a matter of some controversy. Given the inconsistency of its expression pattern and the lack of validated specific antibodies, Tmem10 is not widely accepted as a marker for mature oligodendrocytes. As a means to solve these problems and to aid future studies of oligodendrocyte-associated diseases, we have generated a highly specific Tmem10 antibody. Using this Tmem10 antibody, we clarify that Tmem10 protein is firstly expressed at 2 weeks in the postnatal mouse brain with age-related increase, only in the central nervous system (CNS). We also reveal that Tmem10 is expressed specifically in late stage oligodendrocytes and later than MAG, a late-stage myelin marker. Finally, we show that Tmem10 co-expresses with MOG- and MBP-positive myelin fibers and is dramatically reduced in a hypomyelination mouse model. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that Tmem10 can be used as a specific marker for myelinating oligodendrocytes and perhaps for the evaluation of myelination diseases, such as multiple sclerosis.

Single-cell sequencing of the human midbrain reveals glial activation and a neuronal state specific to Parkinson’s disease

“…S7B-C ). OPALIN (also named as Tmem) is a marker of myelinating oligodendrocytes 38 , while S100B has been associated with glial stress response in PD postmortem midbrain 39 . When comparing IPD oligodendrocyte density across this trajectory, we found a reduced fraction of myelinating OPALIN high cells compared to controls ( Fig.…”

Muscle Expression of SOD1G93A Modulates microRNA and mRNA Transcription Pattern Associated with the Myelination Process in the Spinal Cord of Transgenic Mice

“…Opalin, another gene associated to myelin structures, was down-regulated in the spinal cord of MLC/SOD1 G93A transgenic mice, compared to wild type littermates (Table 3 ). Opalin is expressed specifically in late stage of oligodendrocyte differentiation and has been shown to be dramatically reduced in a hypomyelination mouse model (Jiang et al, 2013 ; Tsutsumi et al, 2014 ).…”

TRPV2: A Key Player in Myelination Disorders of the Central Nervous System

“…In this study we aimed to explore the role and expression of TRPV2 in the context of myelination disorders of the CNS, taking advantage of previous work indicating the potential role of TRPV2 and its interactors in myelination processes [ 11 ]. Opalin has been found in mature myelinating oligodendrocytes [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], but also at early stages of OPCs [ 26 ]. Opalin has not been found in microglia, astrocytes or neurons [ 23 ], and could be used as an oligodendrocyte lineage cell marker.…”