Identification of Wnt4 as the ovary pathway gene and temporal disparity of its expression vis-a-vis testis genes in the garden lizard, Calotes versicolor

Tripathi, Vidisha; Raman, Rajiva

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2009.09.001

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Such a possibility has already been indicated in the case of T. scripta in which the real change of gene expressions in primordial gonad alone has been shown to be diluted when the composite tissues like adrenal-kidney-gonad (AKG) complex were used [Ramsey and Crews, 2007a]. However, in the present study, this does not appear to be the case because previous reports on the developmental expression of CvDmrt1 , CvSox9 , CvAR and CvWnt4 by wholemount RNA in situ hybridization have clearly shown the expressions essentially in the gonadal primordia, and any signal in the adjoining adrenal-kidney complex was never above the background level [Sreenivasulu et al, 2002;Chakraborty et al, 2009;Tripathi and Raman, 2010]. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that in the present study, the modulation in the expression of individual genes from the whole MGCs from individual embryos is essentially due to the change of expression in the embryonic gonad.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…However, autosomal CvSox9 , CvDmrt1 and CvAR genes are differentially expressed in embryonic testis [Choudhary et al, 2000;Sreenivasulu et al, 2002;Chakraborty et al, 2009] while CvWnt4, which is expressed later in development, functions in embryonic ovary [Tripathi and Raman, 2010], suggesting a genotypic mode of sex determination in this species. Nevertheless, gonadal hormone treatment of embryos leads to sex reversal, but the pattern of reversal is the opposite of what is seen in all other reptiles hitherto studied; androgen-treated embryos all form testis while estrogen has no causal effect on gonadal differentiation.…”

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confidence: 89%

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Modulation of Gene Activity in Androgen-Induced Sex Reversal in the Garden Lizard, <i>Calotes versicolor</i>

Chakraborty

Raman

2010

Sex Dev

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The Indian garden lizard, Calotes versicolor, an apparently non-chromosomal sex determination (CSD), non-temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) species, represents a unique category of reptiles where male hormone-treated embryos emerge as males. The present paper traces the modulation of gene activity in the embryonic gonad following dihydrotestosterone (DHT) administration on day 8 of embryonic development. Expression of CvAR, CvWnt4, CvDmrt1 and CvSox9 genes has been studied in the mesonephros gonadal complex (MGC) 2 and 6 days after the treatment by RT-PCR and real-time qPCR. In the treated (30 µg/egg) embryos (sacrificed 48 h after treatment), CvAR was expressed in almost all the MGCs in contrast to its dimorphic expression in controls. CvWnt4, the autosomal ovary-specific gene, which has only basal level of expression in controls, was further down-regulated in the treated embryos. The dimorphic expression pattern of the male-specific CvSox9 and CvDmrt1 does not deviate from that seen in controls, suggesting that it acts upstream of CvAR. It appears that in C. versicolor, the primary sex determining switch for testis is essentially genetic (CvSox9 and CvDmrt1), but the genetic pathway of ovary differentiation, which is initiated later in development, is flexible enough to be modulated by hormones, as in other TSD and genetic sex determination (GSD) reptiles. One of the mechanisms of this flexibility, it appears, could be silencing of the ovary-inducing genes by the male hormones.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

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confidence: 89%

Modulation of Gene Activity in Androgen-Induced Sex Reversal in the Garden Lizard, <i>Calotes versicolor</i>

Chakraborty

Raman

2010

Sex Dev

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“…Taken together, the studies described above provide evidence that wnt4 plays an important role in gonad development. Wnt4 function has also been evaluated in other organisms, including the millipedes Glomeris marginata ( Myriapoda: Diplopoda )13, frogs ( Rana rugosa )14, garden lizard ( Calotes versicolor )15 and chickens ( Gallus gallus )16. In teleosts, the role of wnt4 in gonad development has only been studied in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss )17, and the protandrous black porgy ( Acanthopagrus schlegeli )18.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cloning and characterization of wnt4a gene and evidence for positive selection in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

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Wnt4 gene plays a role in developmental processes in mammals. However, little is known regarding its function in teleosts. We cloned and characterized the full-length half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) wnt4a gene (CS-wnt4a). CS-wnt4a cDNA was 1746 bp in length encoding 353aa. CS-wnt4a expression level was highest in the testis, and gradually increased in the developing gonads until 1 year of age. In situ hybridization revealed that CS-wnt4a expression level was highest in stage II oocytes and sperm in the adult ovary and testis, respectively. CS-wnt4a expression level was significantly up-regulated in the gonads after exposure to high temperature. The level of methylation of the CS-wnt4a first exon was negatively correlated with the expression of CS-wnt4a. The branch-site model suggested that vertebrate wnt4a differed significantly from that of wnt4b, and that the selective pressures differed between ancestral aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Two positively selected sites were found in the ancestral lineages of teleost fish, but none in the ancestral lineages of mammals. One positively selected site was located on the α-helices of the 3D structure, the other on the random coil. Our results are of value for further study of the function of wnt4 and the mechanism of selection.

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“…In nonmammalian vertebrates, some differential expressions of Wnt signaling genes suggested that the implication of the Wnt pathway during sex differentiation could be conserved across vertebrates [Smith et al, 2008;Tripathi and Raman, 2010]. Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss , is a teleost fish with a rather strict genetic sex determination system (XX/XY) and the availability of genetically all-male and all-female populations [Guiguen et al, 1999] provides the opportunity to study early molecular processes of sex differentiation in this species.…”

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confidence: 99%

Expression Profiling of Wnt Signaling Genes during Gonadal Differentiation and Gametogenesis in Rainbow Trout

Nicol¹,

Guiguen²

2011

Sex Dev

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Wnt signaling plays major roles in various processes, including ovarian differentiation and development in mammals. In order to explore its potential implication during gonadal development in a nonmammalian vertebrate species, expression of Wnt signaling genes was investigated in rainbow trout during gonadal differentiation and gametogenesis. Multiple Wnt pathway genes were expressed and exhibited distinct expression patterns. In ovary, tcf7 was highly expressed during early differentiation, whereas no sexually dimorphic expression of rspo1 was detected. During later ovarian development, wnt11 was highly expressed in granulosa cells and oocytes suggesting an implication in folliculogenesis and oogenesis, whereas wnt9b was principally detected in granulosa cells. In testis, Wnt pathway genes were mostly expressed during early spermatogenesis. Overall, these present results suggest that Wnt signaling is implicated in multiple processes of male and female gonadal development and provide basis for future studies on Wnt signaling functions in teleost fish gonads.

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Identification of Wnt4 as the ovary pathway gene and temporal disparity of its expression vis-a-vis testis genes in the garden lizard, Calotes versicolor

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Modulation of Gene Activity in Androgen-Induced Sex Reversal in the Garden Lizard, <i>Calotes versicolor</i>

Modulation of Gene Activity in Androgen-Induced Sex Reversal in the Garden Lizard, <i>Calotes versicolor</i>

Cloning and characterization of wnt4a gene and evidence for positive selection in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)

Expression Profiling of Wnt Signaling Genes during Gonadal Differentiation and Gametogenesis in Rainbow Trout

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