Identifikasi dan Pencegahan Daerah Rawan Bencana Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Gambut Di Kalimantan Barat

Abstract

Kalimantan Barat memiliki potensi bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan gambut yang tinggi karena banyaknya titik api dan jenis lahan gambut yang mudah terbakar pada musim kemarau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan dan menentukan kecenderungan titik pamas dan mengidentifikasi dan mencegah kawasan rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan gambut dengan data hotspot, peta curah hujan, peta tutupan lahan, peta kesatuan hidrologis gambut, dan peta cekungan air tanah menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis atau SIG. Metode overlap digunakan untuk menganalisis kecenderungan titik panas sedangkan Overlay dan Scoring digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kawasan rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Setelah dilakukan analisis titik panas, terdapat kecenderungan curah hujan pada kelas curah hujan 1.500-3.000 mm/tahun dengan 2.192 kejadian. Perubahan tutupan lahan di kawasan hutan mengalami penurunan sebesar 7,96%. Peningkatan tutupan lahan di kawasan non-hutan sebesar 11,26%, mempengaruhi potensi dan kecenderungan titik api dan bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Kubu Raya memiliki tingkat kerawanan bencana kebakaran pada kelas sangat rawan dengan luasan 0,26%, dan Kapuas Hulu memiliki tingkat kerawanan bencana kebakaran pada kelas tidak rawan dengan luas 0,19%. Kabupaten Ketapang merupakan daerah dengan tingkat pencegahan tertinggi, dengan luas cekungan airtanah sebesar 26,46%.ABSTRACTWest Kalimantan has a high potential for forest and peatland fire disasters due to the high number of hotspots and the type of peatland which burns easily during the dry season. The purpose of this research is to map and determine the trend of hotspots and areas prone to forest and peatland fires and prevent them with hotspot data, rainfall maps, land cover maps, maps of peat hydrological units, and maps of groundwater basins using Geographic Information Systems or GIS. The overlap method is used to analyze the trend of hotspots; meanwhile, Overlay and Scoring are used to identify areas prone to forest and land fires in this research. After analyzing the hotspots, there is a tendency for rainfall with a class of 1,500-3,000mm/year with 2,192 events. Land cover change in forested areas decreased by 7.96%. It increased land cover in non-forest areas by 11.26%, affecting the potential and tendency of hotspots and forest and land fire disasters. Kubu Raya has a fire disaster vulnerability level in the very vulnerable class with an area of 0.26%, and Kapuas Hulu has a fire disaster vulnerability level in the non-prone class with an area of 0.19%. Ketapang Regency is the area with the highest prevention rate, with a groundwater basin area of 26.46%.

Sistem Informasi Geografis Pemetaan Kawasan Rawan Kebakaran Menggunakan Metode Sequential Pattern Mining

“…Bagi masyarakat yang memiliki mata pencaharian pada hasil hutan, tentunya kebakaran hutan akan mengakibatkan hilangnya mata pencaharian mereka. Lisensi CC Atribusi-NonKomersial 4.0 Internasional Kebakaran lahan dan hutan terjadi pula pada setiap tahunnya di Kalimantan Barat Dikarenakan sebagian besar lahannya didominasi oleh lahan gambut (Dicelebica et al, 2022). Salah satu kawasan yang mengalami kebakaran lahan dan hutan yaitu di Kabupaten Kubu Raya.…”

The relationship between knowledge and disaster preparedness of undergraduates responding to forest fires

“…West Kalimantan has a high potential for forest fire disasters because of a large number of hotspots and types of peatlands that are easily burned during the dry season (Dicelebica, Akbar & Jati 2022). The cause of the high fluctuation of hotspots from 2015 to 2019, with the highest number in 2015 with 2192 events, was caused by the El Niño phenomenon, which raised the water surface temperature of the sea, causing prolonged droughts and raising land surface temperatures; this is based on research (Yananto & Dewi 2016).…”

“…The cause of the high fluctuation of hotspots from 2015 to 2019, with the highest number in 2015 with 2192 events, was caused by the El Niño phenomenon, which raised the water surface temperature of the sea, causing prolonged droughts and raising land surface temperatures; this is based on research (Yananto & Dewi 2016). The potential for forest and land fires in West Kalimantan is high because of many hotspots and peatlands that are easily burned during the dry season (Dicelebica et al 2022;Prayoga, Yananto & Kusumo 2017). This statement is supported by research from Bahri (2002), who explained that forest and land fires in Indonesia occur during the dry season in August, September and October, as a month of transition.…”

Mapping of Forest Fire Vulnerability Using Information Value Model in West Kalimantan Province

“…Although numerous hazard research effectively uses GIS (Dicelebica et al 2022;Humam et al 2020), the application of the model in forest and land fire analysis still needs to be explored. The IVM indicates the predictive power within a dataset by comparing the distribution of feature values for the target variable (the variable to be predicted) with the distribution of feature values for the non-target variable (the variable not to be predicted).…”