Identifying adult children of alcoholics: methodological review and a comparison of the CAST-6 with other methods

Hodgins, David C.; Shimp, Lana

doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1995.tb01043.x

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…”) (Hodgins et al 1993). The CAST-6 consists of six Yes/No items such as, “Have you ever thought that your parent had a drinking problem?” and “Did you ever encourage your parent to quit drinking?” The additional item was included because a previous study found it to function well in identifying children of alcoholics (Hodgins and Shimp 1995). Thus, it was considered to increase the resolution of the assessment with minimal increases in duration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationships among parental family history of substance misuse, delay discounting, and personal substance use

et al. 2015

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Rationale Despite consistent evidence of the familiality of substance misuse, the mechanisms by which family history (FH) increases the risk of addiction are not well understood. One behavioral trait that may mediate the risk for substance use and addiction is delay discounting (DD), which characterizes an individual’s preferences for smaller immediate rewards compared to larger future rewards. Objectives To examine the interrelationships among FH, DD, and diverse aspects of personal substance use, and test DD as a mediator of the relationship between FH and personal substance use. Methods The study used crowdsourcing to recruit a community sample of adults (N = 732). Family history was assessed using a brief assessment of perceived parental substance use problems, personal substance use was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and a measure of frequency of use, and delay discounting was assessed using a latent index of discounting preferences across six reward magnitudes. Results Steeper discounting was significantly associated with personal alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use, and level of substance experimentation. Steeper DD was also associated with a denser parental FH of alcohol, tobacco, and overall substance misuse. Parental FH density was significantly associated with several aspects of personal substance use, and these relationships were partially mediated by DD. Conclusions The current study suggests that impulsivity, as measured by DD, is one proximal mechanism by which parental FH increases substance use later in life. The causal role of DD in this relationship will need to be established in future longitudinal studies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationships among parental family history of substance misuse, delay discounting, and personal substance use

et al. 2015

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“…Apart from questions concerning age and gender, the participants will be screened for having parents with alcohol problems using the short version of the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test (CAST-6) developed from a 30-item original version [31]. The CAST-6 is a 6-item true/false measure designed to assess whether or not participants perceive their parents' alcohol consumption as problematic, and has proven to be a useful brief screen which compares well to other measures [31,32]. The CAST-6 instrument demonstrates a high internal consistency (r = 0.92-0.94) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.94), as well as a high validity as compared to the 30-item version (r = 0.93) using the recommended threshold score of 3 or higher [31,32].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CAST-6 is a 6-item true/false measure designed to assess whether or not participants perceive their parents' alcohol consumption as problematic, and has proven to be a useful brief screen which compares well to other measures [31,32]. The CAST-6 instrument demonstrates a high internal consistency (r = 0.92-0.94) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.94), as well as a high validity as compared to the 30-item version (r = 0.93) using the recommended threshold score of 3 or higher [31,32]. We have previously translated the CAST-6 into Swedish, and modified it to also include step parents' alcohol consumption, to be used in a feasibility study attempting to measure the prevalence of the problem (T.H.E.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Web-based individual coping and alcohol-intervention program (web-ICAIP) for children of parents with alcohol problems: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2012

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BackgroundIt has been estimated that approximately 20% of all Swedish children grow up with parents having alcohol problems, which may result in negative outcomes among these children. Therefore, most Swedish municipalities provide resources for support, but at the same time figures reveal that not even 2% receive support, mainly due to difficulties in identifying and recruiting these children into support programs. Delivering intervention programs to children and adolescents via the Internet seems a promising strategy, but to date, the number of web-based interventions aimed at this target group is very scarce. We have therefore developed a novel internet-delivered therapist assisted self-management intervention called the web-ICAIP (Individual Coping and Alcohol Intervention Program) for adolescents having parents with alcohol problems. The purpose of the program is to strengthen adolescents' coping behavior, improve their mental health, and postponing the onset or decreasing risky alcohol consumption. This paper describes the web-ICAIP and the design of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to measure the efficacy of this intervention.Methods/DesignThe RCT will include at least 183 adolescents (15-19 year old) who will be randomly allocated to two conditions where one group has access to the web-ICAIP and the other is a waiting list control group. Participants will be recruited from websites containing information and facts for adolescents about alcohol and other drugs. Possible participants will be screened using the short version of the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test (CAST-6). The assessment consists of a baseline and two follow-up measurements taking place after two and six months, respectively. The primary outcomes include the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-DC), a coping behavior scale, and also the short version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C). Additional outcomes include the "Ladder of life" which measures overall life satisfaction and questions concerning program adherence.DiscussionThere is an urgent need for developing and evaluating web-based intervention programs which target children having parents with alcohol problems. This study will therefore make an important contribution to this novel field of research.Trial registrationISRCTN41545712

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“…Comparison of the diagnoses based on the responses to a family history interview [13] with the F-SMAST score revealed an optimum cut score of 5. Despite the high prevalence of alcohol use disorders in the general population and the high rate of familial alcoholism, the excessive rates of SOMAs usually identified in substance abuse and college samples by the responses to self-report questionnaires seem not plausible [9]. Taking into account the estimated lifetime prevalence and the male-to-female ratio of alcoholism in Germany [14], the social background (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until now research on the detection of SOMAs by means of family history interviews or self-report questionnaires has been conducted exclusively in North America [9]. Therefore the generalisability of previous results remains to be demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Screening for Paternal Alcoholism: Reliability of a German Version of the F-SMAST

Demmel

Hagen²

2002

Eur Addict Res

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The development of screening instruments for the detection of paternal alcoholism is of both clinical and research interest. F-SMAST, an adapted version of the Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (SMAST), has proven to be a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of an individual’s father’s drinking history. The present investigation examines the reliability of a German version of the F-SMAST. Internal consistency and test-retest stability (Pearson correlation coefficients on unweighted total scores; ĸ statistics and Yule’s Y of the individual items) are evaluated in a sample of undergraduates (n = 202). Internal consistency of the F-SMAST is re-evaluated in a second study by analysing the responses of alcohol-dependent in-patients (n = 205). The German version of the F-SMAST exhibited excellent reliability in terms of internal consistency and test-retest stability of the unweighted total scores. Test-retest agreement of the individual items was in the acceptable range. Taking into account the lifetime prevalence of alcoholism and several background variables (e.g. marital status and number of real children) a cut score of 6 or 7 on the F-SMAST seems appropriate for the detection of paternal alcoholism.

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Identifying adult children of alcoholics: methodological review and a comparison of the CAST-6 with other methods

Cited by 44 publications

References 45 publications

Interrelationships among parental family history of substance misuse, delay discounting, and personal substance use

Interrelationships among parental family history of substance misuse, delay discounting, and personal substance use

Design of a Web-based individual coping and alcohol-intervention program (web-ICAIP) for children of parents with alcohol problems: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Screening for Paternal Alcoholism: Reliability of a German Version of the F-SMAST

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