Identifying Armed Respondents to Domestic Violence Restraining Orders and Recovering Their Firearms: Process Evaluation of an Initiative in California

Wintemute, Garen J.; Frattaroli, Shannon; Claire, Barbara E.; Vittes, Katherine A.; Webster, Daniel

doi:10.2105/ajph.2013.301484

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Further, Kentucky had the highest proportion of gun‐related intimate partner deaths of both men and women in the United States between the years 2003 and 2012 (Gerney and Parsons ). However, much of the research focusing on enforcing domestic violence gun laws has occurred in urban states, such as California (Wintemute et al ). Rural areas and states have often been ignored in research investigating how to improve the implementation of domestic violence firearm policy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“People Will Bury Their Guns before They Surrender Them”: Implementing Domestic Violence Gun Control in Rural, Appalachian versus Urban Communities

2018

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Though gun violence is a global issue, the risk of firearm death is substantially higher in the United States than in other high-income nations. Guns are deeply rooted within American culture; however, different subcultures exist along the urban-rural divide. Such differences between urban and rural communities related to gun culture have been dubbed "firearm localism." We investigated firearm localism in a state that has the highest proportion of firearm-related domestic violence homicide and a large rural area representing a subgroup of rural culture: Appalachia. Specifically, key professionals reported issues related to domestic violence gun control in their communities. We conducted phone and in-person surveys with a sample of community professionals (N 5 133) working in victim services and the justice system in urban and Appalachian communities. Despite evidence of a strong gun culture in the rural communities, both urban and rural professionals estimated that about two-thirds of their community would support restricting abusers' firearm access. Additionally, rural professionals were more likely to show concern for abusers' Second Amendment rights when discussing unintended negative consequences of gun confiscation; urban professionals were more likely to point out that gun confiscation can provide a false sense of security for victims. Policy implications are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“People Will Bury Their Guns before They Surrender Them”: Implementing Domestic Violence Gun Control in Rural, Appalachian versus Urban Communities

2018

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“…California developed the APPS in 2001 to address the estimated 1,500 assault weapons and nearly 35,000 handguns owned by prohibited persons (APPS Fact Sheet, n.d.). A pilot project helped support Butte and San Mateo counties in developing a new system for removing firearms from respondents to domestic violence restraining orders, and resulted in the recovery of 665 firearms from 613 respondents (Wintemute et al ., ). Petitioners surveyed were largely in support of firearm removal, and felt safer as a result (Vittes et al ., ).…”

Section: The Armed Prohibited Persons System (Apps) Programmentioning

confidence: 97%

California Firearms Law and Mental Illness

Barnhorst

2015

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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California provides numerous pathways by which people with mental illness can qualify for a state-level firearm prohibition. The state's involuntary detention for psychiatric treatment, or "5150" (CA W&I Code 5150) process, is often cited as one potential mechanism for reducing violence by dangerous people, though its use is limited to people whose dangerousness is due to a mental illness. Additionally, California has taken legislative steps to prohibit firearm ownership among other people who have an increased risk of violence, regardless of whether or not mental illness is a factor. This article compares the California firearm ownership disqualification system for mental illness with the federal system and those of other states, examines the strengths and weaknesses of this system, and reviews alternatives.

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“…This law, passed in 2014, allows people to report dangerous behaviors in others so that a court can decide to remove firearms from a person posing an imminent threat to themself or others (Horwitz et al, 2015;Frattaroli et al, 2015). Furthermore, California has had success in training law enforcement to recover firearms from restraining order respondents (Wintemute et al, 2014). Between 2006 and 2014, California confiscated 10,000 guns from legal purchasers who later became prohibited from possession.…”

Section: Policy Models For Preventing Gun Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Firearm Homicide-Suicides in North Carolina: Evidence from the North Carolina Violent Death Reporting System, 2004-2014

Kerber

2016

SSRN Journal

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examines firearm homicide-suicides to discern patterns that differentiate homicide-suicides from other firearm homicides and suicides. Spanning the years [2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014] in North Carolina, this data set allows for three sets of logistic regressions that compare: 1) Homicide-suicide victims with other homicide victims, including sub-analyses of domestic homicide victims and intimate partner homicide victims 2) Homicide-suicide perpetrators with other homicide perpetrators, including a subanalysis of domestic homicide perpetrators 3) Homicide-suicide perpetrators with other suicidal individuals that committed suicide with a gunThese three avenues of inquiry allow for a complete picture of homicide-suicide victims and perpetrators, contributing to our understanding of the patterns behind these incidents. The major findings from this analysis are:1) Almost all homicide-suicides were committed by men and involved the use of a gun. 95% of homicide-suicide perpetrators were male. 98% of homicide-suicides involved the use of a gun in at least one death, and 84% involved the exclusive use of a gun. 2) Female intimate partners, and spouses in particular, were the most frequent victims in homicide-suicides. Two thirds of homicide-suicides were intimate partner homicides. Women killed by their husbands in homicide-suicides outnumbered women killed by their husbands in simple homicides. Even when considering only intimate partner homicides, the odds that a female victim was murdered in a homicide-suicide were seven times higher than for males. 3) The termination of an abusive relationship is a major risk factor for homicidesuicide. Separation or divorce raised the odds that a killer committed suicide following a domestic homicide by 5 times. 4) More victims of homicide-suicides had restraining orders against their killers than other homicide victims. 55 homicide victims had restraining orders against their killers. Just over half of these victims died in a homicide-suicide. Among suicidal people, a restraining order raised the odds of committing homicide prior to suicide by four. 5) Mental illness and suicidal behavior are far less common in homicide-suicide perpetrators than in other suicidal individuals. 40% of solely suicidal people were suffering from Depression, compared to 9% of the homicide-suicide perpetrators. Those who committed homicide along with suicide were less likely to have left a note, expressed suicidal intentions or have made previous suicide attempts.Homicide-suicides are a patterned type of violence that is distinct from other suicides and other homicides. The evidence presented in this analysis suggests that compared to both homicides and suicides, homicide-suicides are less reflective of personal problems experienced by the perpetrator and more reflective of troubled and abusive relationships between the perpetrator and the victim(s). The evidence suggests that perpetrators become maximally violent when they have lost control of a relationship. The in...

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Identifying Armed Respondents to Domestic Violence Restraining Orders and Recovering Their Firearms: Process Evaluation of an Initiative in California

Abstract: Recovering firearms from persons subject to domestic violence restraining orders is possible. We have identified design and implementation changes that may improve the screening process and the yield from recovery efforts. Larger implementation trials are needed.

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

“People Will Bury Their Guns before They Surrender Them”: Implementing Domestic Violence Gun Control in Rural, Appalachian versus Urban Communities

“People Will Bury Their Guns before They Surrender Them”: Implementing Domestic Violence Gun Control in Rural, Appalachian versus Urban Communities

California Firearms Law and Mental Illness

Firearm Homicide-Suicides in North Carolina: Evidence from the North Carolina Violent Death Reporting System, 2004-2014

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