Identifying, Developing, and Moving Sustainable Communities through Application of Bioenergy for Energy or Materials: Future Perspective through Energy Efficiency

Abstract

The demand for energy continued to outstrip supply and necessitated the development of biomass option. Residues were the most popular forms of renewable energy and currently, biofuel production became much promising. Agricultural wastes contained high moisture content and could be decomposed easily by microbes. Agricultural wastes were abundantly available globally and could be converted to energy and useful chemicals by a number of microorganisms. Compost or bio-fertilizer could be produced with the inoculation of appropriated thermophilic microbes which increased the decomposition rate, shortened the maturity period and improved the compost (or bio-fertilizer) quality. The objective of the present research was to promote the biomass technology and involved adaptive research, demonstration, and dissemination of results. With a view to fulfilling the objective, a massive field survey was conducted to assess the availability of raw materials as well as the present situation of biomass technologies. In the present communication, an attempt had also been made to present an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial feedstock for production of fuels, chemicals, and other materials. We may conclude from the review paper that biomass technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, not only in urban areas but also in remote rural areas.

Highly Porous MIL-100(Fe) for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) in Acidic and Basic Media

“…It has become imperative to deal with economic needs and environmental pollutants affecting the globe due to the depletion of fossil fuels. Hydrogen is extensively investigated as an alternative fossil fuel and is considered as an eco-friendly gas carrier as a long-term option to reduce CO 2 emission as it is a clean, high-quality, and renewable energy resource. , Commonly, a large-scale H 2 production is accomplished by the gasification of coal and natural gas reforming, and the main concern for this is the use of nonrenewable energy and high temperature. Hence, among the various alternative processes, the electrochemical reduction method is considered to be effective to produce H 2 on a larger scale.…”

Biothermal zones for wheat cultivation and production in Iraq

“…We find from the comparison of Table (6), Figure (3) and Map (3) that the thermal deviation values of the maximum thermal rates in the study area with the higher thermal requirements of the wheat crop (40 °C). A gradual decrease characterised all positive values and their annual rates.…”

Communication in the teaching-learning process in linguistic expression in high school students

“…The teacher's action must be based on pedagogical principles and governed by explicit methodological bases derived from them. The efficient functioning of cooperative learning in teams, the corresponding strategies and the didactic situations must incorporate specific components (Omer, 2017;Nawi et al, 2021). Positive interdependence is the first and foremost typical component of cooperative learning.…”