Identifying Risk Factors Affecting Weather- and Disease-Related Losses in the U.S. Farm-Raised Catfish Industry

Hanson, Terrill R.; Shaik, Saleem; Coble, Keith H.; Edwards, Seanicaa; Miller, James C.

doi:10.1017/s1068280500002124

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Mississippi Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station researchers recommended that catfish ponds should have an average depth of 6-7 ft or 1.83-2.13 m (Coblentz 2003). Increased pond depth reduced nonspecific disease-related catfish losses (Hanson et al 2008). In contrast this study found greater pond depth increased the odds of a mortality event associated with columnaris disease.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…Rebuilt ponds are deeper on these farms (Figure 2). A survey of catfish farmers found that the average pond depth in the southern region, including Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi, was 5.5 ft or 1.67 m (N = 553) (Hanson et al 2008). Mississippi Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station researchers recommended that catfish ponds should have an average depth of 6-7 ft or 1.83-2.13 m (Coblentz 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pond‐Level Risk Factors Associated with Columnaris Disease on Mississippi Commercial Catfish Farms

2012

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A large commercial catfish enterprise encompassing over 500 food fish ponds from five farms covering multiple counties in the Mississippi Delta was included in this analysis of columnaris risk factors. A gram-negative bacterium, Flavobacterium columnare, is the cause of columnaris disease and is considered the second-most prevalent bacterial disease in farm-raised catfish. The objective of this study was to determine if pond-level risk factors reported by farm personnel were associated with columnaris disease mortalities. To identify risk factors affecting susceptibility of farm-raised channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus to columnaris disease, a Catfish Management database was developed. Logistic regression was used to model the relationships between probability of columnaris in ponds and risk factors examined. Generalized linear mixed models incorporating hierarchically structured random effects of ponds and one or more fixed-effects risk factors were fitted. In the screening process, each risk factor was evaluated in the basic model as a single fixed-effects factor, and if associated with the outcome (P ≤ 0.20), was retained for development of multivariable models. Two multivariable logistic regression models were constructed from data collected at the pond level by producers. The first was constructed from data in which water quality was not considered. Pond depth and reduced feed consumption for a 14-d period prior to disease outbreaks measured on a per hectare basis were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) associated with columnaris disease. The second, in which water quality variables were also considered, pond depth, reduced feed consumption, shorter intervals from stocking to disease outbreaks, and total ammonia nitrogen were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) associated with columnaris occurrence. This study showed some commonly recorded production variables were associated with columnaris disease outbreaks and, if monitored, could help identify "at risk" ponds before disease outbreaks occur.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pond‐Level Risk Factors Associated with Columnaris Disease on Mississippi Commercial Catfish Farms

2012

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“…The temperature ranges of ESC outbreaks overlap the optimum temperature window of Ich infection at 22-24°C (Matthews, 2005;Dickerson, 2006). In 2002, 50.5% and 44.3% of all catfish operations (approximately 1000 total in the USA) had losses caused by ESC and by Ich (white spot), respectively (Hanson et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis as a potential vector of Edwardsiella ictaluri in channel catfish

Shoemaker

Klesius

2012

FEMS Microbiol Lett

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There is limited information on whether parasites act as vectors to transmit bacteria in fish. In this trial, we used Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and fluorescent Edwardsiella ictaluri as a model to study the interaction between parasite, bacterium, and fish. The percentage (23-39%) of theronts fluorescing after exposure to E. ictaluri was significantly higher than control theronts (~ 6%) using flow cytometry. Theronts exposed to E. ictaluri at 4 × 10(7) CFU mL(-1) showed a higher percentage (~ 60%) of fluorescent theronts compared to those (42%) exposed to 4 × 10(3) CFU mL(-1) at 4 h. All tomonts (100%) carried the bacterium after exposure to E. ictaluri. Edwardsiella ictaluri survived and replicated during tomont division. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that E. ictaluri was associated with the tomont surface. Among theronts released from tomonts exposed to E. ictaluri, 31-66% were observed with attached E. ictaluri. Sixty percent of fish exposed to theronts treated with 5 × 10(7) E. ictaluri mL(-1) were positive for E. ictaluri at 4 h as determined by qPCR or fluorescent microscopy. Fluorescent E. ictaluri were observed on trophonts in skin and gill wet mounts of dead fish. This study demonstrated that Ich could vector E. ictaluri to channel catfish.

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“…Since depth is a key component of volume (area × depth) this result in not unexpected. Hanson et al (2008) found that as pond depth increased, catfish losses from weather-related causes decreased, because the deeper ponds were not as sensitive to windstorms, droughts, and freezing. In contrast, Cunningham et al (2012) found that the incidence of columnaris increased as pond depth increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors Associated with Enteric Septicemia of Catfish on Mississippi Commercial Catfish Farms

2014

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A gram-negative bacterium, Edwardsiella ictaluri, is the cause of enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC), which is one of the most prevalent bacterial diseases in farm-raised catfish. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with ESC mortalities and are reported by farm personnel. To identify risk factors a catfish management database was developed. The odds ratios (OR) of the final multivariable logistic regression model were: (1) volume of the pond (OR, 0.56), (2) interval from harvest until a mortality event (OR, 1.49), (3) interval from stocking until a mortality event (OR, 0.52), (4) nitrite measured within 14 d of a mortality (OR, 3.49), (5) total ammonia measured within 14 d of a mortality (OR, 20.48), and (6) sum of feed fed for 14 d prior to the disease outbreak (OR, 1.02), all of which were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) associated with ESC occurrence. This study showed that some commonly recorded production variables were associated with ESC outbreaks and if monitored could help identify "at risk" ponds prior to disease outbreaks.

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Identifying Risk Factors Affecting Weather- and Disease-Related Losses in the U.S. Farm-Raised Catfish Industry

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

Pond‐Level Risk Factors Associated with Columnaris Disease on Mississippi Commercial Catfish Farms

Pond‐Level Risk Factors Associated with Columnaris Disease on Mississippi Commercial Catfish Farms

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis as a potential vector of Edwardsiella ictaluri in channel catfish

Risk Factors Associated with Enteric Septicemia of Catfish on Mississippi Commercial Catfish Farms

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