Identifying Severely Mentally Ill Inmates: Can Small Jails Comply with Detection Standards?

McLearen, Alix M.; Ryba, Nancy L.

doi:10.1300/j076v37n01_03

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Most research to date seems to suggest that traditional jail booking procedures are insufficient and existing tools have limited predictive accuracy. McLearen and Ryba (2003) reported the prisoner intake procedure in a mid-western county jail in the U.S. detected slightly less than half of the inmates diagnosed with a severe mental illness. Similarly, Birmingham, Gray, Mason, and Grubin (2000) found that one in four newly remanded men in a prison reception center in England had some form of mental illness and 3/4 of those disorders failed to get recognized by the institution's screening staff.…”

Section: Includes the Bprs-e) Compared To Independent Evaluations Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Inmates' Mental Health Needs: Evidence of the Validity of the Jail Screening Assessment Tool (JSAT)

Nicholls¹,

Lee²,

Corrado³

et al. 2004

International Journal of Forensic Mental Health

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the challenge of caring for mentally disordered inmates in jails has been met with a two-tiered assessment approach: screening followed by comprehensive assessments. Intake interviewers evaluate mental disorder and risk for violence, suicide, self-harm, and victimization. The screening and risk management procedures were published in the Jail Screening Assessment Tool (JSAT). The results of two prospective studies of mental health screening with the JSAT in two samples of women inmates are presented. The first study reports the prevalence of mental health needs among female inmates based on results from JSAT and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-Expanded (BPRS-E). The second study tested the validity of referrals to the mental health program based on ~20 min. semi-structured intake interviews using the JSAT (includes the BPRS-E) compared to independent evaluations of mental disorder with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Non-Patient Edition (SCID-I/NP). Results of both studies indicated a high rate of substance abuse and other serious mental illnesses among female inmates.In the second study, intake interviewers using the JSAT were in agreement with independent SCID assessments at a rate significantly better than chance; yielding a sensitivity of 70.6% and a specificity of 75.0%. These preliminary results suggest the JSAT is a potentially effective tool for identifying female inmates in need of mental health services and specialized placement.

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Section: Includes the Bprs-e) Compared To Independent Evaluations Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Inmates' Mental Health Needs: Evidence of the Validity of the Jail Screening Assessment Tool (JSAT)

Nicholls¹,

Lee²,

Corrado³

et al. 2004

International Journal of Forensic Mental Health

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“…Finding no elderly inmates in larger facilities seems unlikely so it is possible that the true population may be undercounted in some jails. McLearen and Ryba (2003) found that smaller jails report having fewer persons with severe mental illness. It is plausible that small jails are more likely to undercount the true rate of other special needs populations as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Elderly Jail Inmates

Kuhlmann

Ruddell

2005

CALIF J HEALTH PROMOT

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Increases in the size of the elderly population in jails and prisons have created considerable challenges for health-care practitioners within correctional systems and public health agencies. This study examined the prevalence of elderly inmates in 134 county jails and some of the challenges that these older inmates confront. Our findings indicate that the prevalence of elderly inmates in county jails is higher than reported in recent national studies. Further, these populations were thought to be at high-risk for selfharm, suicide, and victimization by other inmates. Implications for health care within county jails as well as public health approaches to solving challenges associated with elderly jail inmates are addressed.

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“…Common concerns with patient selection included sampling from populations with high rates of mental illness such as health care units and substance abuse programs [ 33 , 36 , 37 ], convenience sampling [ 32 , 38 , 39 ] and high refusal and/or drop-out rates [ 20 , 27 , 28 , 40 - 42 ]. In a number of studies [ 30 , 33 , 43 ] index tests were developed by statistically choosing a subset of items that performed best from a larger test battery, and in other studies [ 38 , 44 ], the index test was embedded within the diagnostic assessment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health screening tools in correctional institutions: a systematic review

et al. 2013

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BackgroundPast studies have identified poor rates of detection of mental illness among inmates. Consequently, mental health screening is a common feature to various correctional mental health strategies and best practice guidelines. However, there is little guidance to support the selection of an appropriate tool. This systematic review compared the sensitivity and specificity of mental health screening tools among adult jail or prison populations.MethodsA systematic review of MEDLINE and PsycINFO up to 2011, with additional studies identified from a search of reference lists. Only studies involving adult jail or prison populations, with an independent measure of mental illness, were included. Studies in forensic settings to determine fitness to stand trial or criminal responsibility were excluded. Twenty-four studies met all inclusion and exclusion criteria for the review. All articles were coded by two independent authors. Study quality was coded by the lead author.ResultsTwenty-two screening tools were identified. Only six tools have replication studies: the Brief Jail Mental Health Screen (BJMHS), the Correctional Mental Health Screen for Men (CMHS-M), the Correctional Mental Health Screen for Women (CMHS-W), the England Mental Health Screen (EMHS), the Jail Screening Assessment Tool (JSAT), and the Referral Decision Scale (RDS). A descriptive summary is provided in lieu of use of meta-analytic techniques due to the lack of replication studies and methodological variations across studies.ConclusionsThe BJMHS, CMHS-M, CMHS-W, EMHS and JSAT appear to be the most promising tools. Future research should consider important contextual factors in the implementation of a screening tool that have received little attention. Randomized or quasi-randomized trials are recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of screening to improve the detection of mental illness compared to standard practices.

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Identifying Severely Mentally Ill Inmates: Can Small Jails Comply with Detection Standards?

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Women Inmates' Mental Health Needs: Evidence of the Validity of the Jail Screening Assessment Tool (JSAT)

Women Inmates' Mental Health Needs: Evidence of the Validity of the Jail Screening Assessment Tool (JSAT)

Elderly Jail Inmates

Mental health screening tools in correctional institutions: a systematic review

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