Identifying stream types and management implications

Hansen, William

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00503-x

Cited by 87 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In much of the world, alterations of intermittent river channels and flow regimes are entirely unrestricted (Elmore and Kaushal, 2008;Gómez et al, 2005;Hughes, 2005). Effective management of intermittent rivers is impeded by the scarcity of information about their abundance, distribution patterns, patterns of flow variability, and the environmental conditions that produce those patterns Fritz et al, 2008;Hansen, 2001).…”

Section: T H Snelder Et Al: Regionalization Of Patterns Of Flow Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small-scale river maps (> 1 : 25 000) produced from digital elevation models, aerial photography or airborne laser scanning omit many intermittent segments (Hansen, 2001;Leopold, 1994). More intermittent segments are included in detailed maps based on field surveys (e.g., Brooks and Colburn, 2011), but large-scale field surveys are prohibitively laborious.…”

Section: T H Snelder Et Al: Regionalization Of Patterns Of Flow Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regionalization of patterns of flow intermittence from gauging station records

Snelder

Datry

Lamouroux

et al. 2013

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

117

127

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Abstract. Understanding large-scale patterns in flow intermittence is important for effective river management. The duration and frequency of zero-flow periods are associated with the ecological characteristics of rivers and have important implications for water resources management. We used daily flow records from 628 gauging stations on rivers with minimally modified flows distributed throughout France to predict regional patterns of flow intermittence. For each station we calculated two annual times series describing flow intermittence; the frequency of zero-flow periods (consecutive days of zero flow) in each year of record (FREQ; yr −1 ), and the total number of zero-flow days in each year of record (DUR; days). These time series were used to calculate two indices for each station, the mean annual frequency of zero-flow periods (mFREQ; yr −1 ), and the mean duration of zero-flow periods (mDUR; days). Approximately 20 % of stations had recorded at least one zero-flow period in their record. Dissimilarities between pairs of gauges calculated from the annual times series (FREQ and DUR) and geographic distances were weakly correlated, indicating that there was little spatial synchronization of zero flow. A flow-regime classification for the gauging stations discriminated intermittent and perennial stations, and an intermittence classification grouped intermittent stations into three classes based on the values of mFREQ and mDUR. We used random forest (RF) models to relate the flow-regime and intermittence classifications to several environmental characteristics of the gauging station catchments. The RF model of the flow-regime classification had a cross-validated Cohen's kappa of 0.47, indicating fair performance and the intermittence classification had poor performance (cross-validated Cohen's kappa of 0.35). Both classification models identified significant environment-intermittence associations, in particular with regional-scale climate patterns and also catchment area, shape and slope. However, we suggest that the fair-to-poor performance of the classification models is because intermittence is also controlled by processes operating at scales smaller catchments, such as groundwater-table fluctuations and seepage through permeable channels. We suggest that high spatial heterogeneity in these small-scale processes partly explains the low spatial synchronization of zero flows. While 20 % of gauges were classified as intermittent, the flow-regime model predicted 39 % of all river segments to be intermittent, indicating that the gauging station network under-represents intermittent river segments in France. Predictions of regional patterns in flow intermittence provide useful information for applications including environmental flow setting, estimating assimilative capacity for contaminants, designing bio-monitoring programs and making preliminary predictions of the effects of climate change on flow intermittence.

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Section: T H Snelder Et Al: Regionalization Of Patterns Of Flow Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: T H Snelder Et Al: Regionalization Of Patterns Of Flow Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regionalization of patterns of flow intermittence from gauging station records

Snelder

Datry

Lamouroux

et al. 2013

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

117

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the ephemeral stream portion of any river system may be quite large. For example 55% of the total stream network in the Chattooga River System in the Southern Appalachians is composed of ephemeral streams while 28% are perennial and 17% are intermittent (Hansen, 2001). Clearly, more than half of that system is ephemeral in nature.…”

Section: States' Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore increasing the width of the SMZ subtending the perennial channel will do little to further decrease stream contamination. However, in light of the findings by Hansen (2001) that 55% of the river system may be composed of ephemeral channels, it is reasonable to assume that increasing the protection of streams to include the ephemeral channels would decrease the amount of stream contamination from aerial applications. Contamination of streams at levels up to 0.04 mg L −1 may be unavoidable, but this is a ripe area for research.…”

Section: Florida Wetlands Imazapyr Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Best Management Practices for Silvicultural Chemicals and the Science Behind Them

Michael

2004

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus

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Abstract. Silvicultural chemicals include fertilizers and pesticides applied for forest management. All states east of the Rockies have at least some form of silvicultural chemical best management practices (SCBMPs) and it is widely accepted that SCBMPs effect some protection of water quality. All SCBMPs recommend handling and application precautions and a minimum width streamside management zone (SMZ) on each side of streams for protection of water quality and aquatic ecosystems. Typically these zones increase in width as stream width increases. In areas where cold-water fish are present, additional widths are designated for their protection. Minimum SMZ widths range from 8 to 91 meters on each side of the stream bank for intermittent and perennial streams. Most SMZ recommendations do not cover ephemeral drainages, ditches or canals. SMZs are generally described as being site specific with width dependent on slope, soil type and other conditions as well as the stream's designation as perennial or intermittent. The science behind SCBMPs is often elusive. Spray drift can be controlled through proper selection and use of application technology while considering site specific conditions. SMZs greatly reduce the amount of herbicides reaching streams. Available toxicological data and research on aquatic ecosystem impacts from herbicide use suggest that additional protection from silvicultural chemicals may not be necessary. However, there is evidence to suggest that protection of ephemeral and intermittent channels can further reduce entry of silvicultural chemicals into streams and also reduce sedimentation. This may be the most fruitful area of research we can pursue in light of the knowledge gaps listed.

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“…The resolution of such datasets may not be sufficient to resolve small-scale erosional features, such as head cuts, especially if they are located in headwater streams (James and others, 2007). Moreover, the hydrography depicted in 1:24,000 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic maps has been shown to underestimate total stream length by more than 50 percent (Heine and others, 2004;James and others, 2007) and by as much as 80 percent if perennial, intermittent, and ephemeral streams are considered (Hansen, 2001). As a result, these data sources are of limited use in locating sites of geomorphic instability with small drainage areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated identification of stream-channel geomorphic features from high‑resolution digital elevation models in West Tennessee watersheds

Cartwright¹,

Diehl²

2017

Scientific Investigations Report

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Cover: A head cut 3 meters tall that was not detectable from high-resolution aerial imagery but associated with a flow-network zone of steep slope and high slope-area index, Upper Sandy study area. For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS. Automated Identification of Stream-Channel Geomorphic Features From High-Resolution Digital Elevation Models in West Tennessee WatershedsByFor an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://store.usgs.gov/.Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. AbstractHigh-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) enable investigations of stream-channel geomorphology with much greater precision than previously possible. The U.S. Geological Survey has developed the DEM Geomorphology Toolbox, containing seven tools to automate the identification of sites of geomorphic instability that may represent sediment sources and sinks in stream-channel networks. These tools can be used to modify input DEMs on the basis of known locations of stormwater infrastructure, derive flow networks at user-specified resolutions, and identify possible sites of geomorphic instability including steep banks, abrupt changes in channel slope, or areas of rough terrain. Field verification of tool outputs identified several tool limitations but also demonstrated their overall usefulness in highlighting likely sediment sources and sinks within channel networks. In particular, spatial clusters of outputs from multiple tools can be used to prioritize field efforts to assess and restore eroding stream reaches.

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Identifying stream types and management implications

Cited by 87 publications

References 2 publications

Regionalization of patterns of flow intermittence from gauging station records

Regionalization of patterns of flow intermittence from gauging station records

Best Management Practices for Silvicultural Chemicals and the Science Behind Them

Automated identification of stream-channel geomorphic features from high‑resolution digital elevation models in West Tennessee watersheds

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