Identifying the Stages during Ultrasonic Processing that Reduce the Grain Size of Aluminum with Added Al3Ti1B Master Alloy

Wang, Gui; Dargusch, Matthew S.; Eskin, Dmitry

doi:10.1002/adem.201700264

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…One of these is ultrasonic vibration or what will henceforth be called Ultrasonic Treatment (UST). It is a mechano‐physical process characterized in this context by low‐amplitude and high‐intensity, where extensive research has shown UST to effectively refine the as‐cast grain structure without using inoculant particles . In fact, one could surmise from this research that UST has considerable potential as a clean, versatile, and efficient technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evolution of the As‐Cast Grain Microstructure of an Ultrasonically Treated Al–2Cu Alloy

et al. 2018

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The evolution of the grain structure of an Al-2Cu alloy is investigated numerically during its solidification while being subjected to ultrasonic treatment. A CAFE (Cellular Automation Finite Element) model coupling fluid flow, heat transfer, nucleation, and grain growth is developed and validated by comparing the results of both numerical simulations and physical experiments. The model successfully describes hydrodynamic fields generated by ultrasonic treatment and their influence on microstructural evolution. This validated model is then used to study the influence of the duration of ultrasonic treatment on temperature distribution and grain structure. A predominantly equiaxed grain structure developed due to the low temperature gradient throughout the melt is a result of the enhanced convection. These results highlight the critical role played by the convection induced by acoustic streaming during casting, that is, facilitating nucleation and grain growth.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evolution of the As‐Cast Grain Microstructure of an Ultrasonically Treated Al–2Cu Alloy

et al. 2018

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“…The liquid treatment, UST-L, produces excellent refinement when the alloy contains more potent substrates and solute (Atamanenko et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2017c;Nagasivamuni et al, 2019a). The solidification treatment UST-S, on the other hand, can produce refinement in pure metals (Wang et al, 2017d;Nagasivamuni et al, 2018) and dilute alloys (Wang et al, 2014(Wang et al, , 2016a(Wang et al, , 2017bSrivastava et al, 2017) without potent substrates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Poisoning Effect of Al and Be on Mg—1 wt.% Zr Alloy and the Role of Ultrasonic Treatment on Grain Refinement

et al. 2019

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Addition of Al-Be master alloy to a Mg-Zr alloy reduces melt oxidation, however, it has a detrimental grain coarsening effect that is believed to be caused by an unknown interaction of Be with the Zr nucleant particles. However, this study found that Al is the major cause of grain coarsening. By analysis of intermetallic phases and chemical analysis for solute Zr, it was revealed that Al reacts with the undissolved α-Zr particles forming Zr-Al intermetallic phases and reducing the amount of solute Zr both of which lead to a decrease in the grain refinement efficiency of the master alloy. Despite this negative effect of Al on grain refinement, application of ultrasonic treatment (UST) produces significant grain refinement of the Mg-Zr-Al-Be alloy demonstrating the potential for developing ignition-proof and grain refined Mg alloys.

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“…During the stage 2, below the liquidus temperature, the nucleation of grains will be enhanced by cavitation, which may also promote the breakage and detachment of grains formed on the ultrasonic generator. In addition to transmitting the grains, the acoustic streaming also produces a uniform undercooling temperature in the melt [34], thereby ensuring the survival of these new grains and producing a uniform fine grain size throughout the composites ingot. figure 7.…”

Section: The Refinement Grain Size Of Composites Under the Magnetic Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructures and properties of in-situ (ZrB₂ + Al₂O₃)_np/AA6111 composites synthesized under magnetic and ultrasonic fields

Xia¹,

Zhao²,

Chen³

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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ZrB 2 and Al 2 O 3 nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites were successfully prepared by in situ chemical reaction of the Al-Na 2 B 4 O 7 -K 2 ZrF 6 system with magnetic field applied in the in situ reaction and ultrasonic field introduced in solidification. The results indicated that the optimized magnetic frequency was 10 Hz, and the ultrasonic power was 1.0 kW. XRD analysis showed that ZrB 2 and Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles have been obtained. The smaller clusters were evenly distributed in the matrix. ZrB 2 and Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles were dispersed and uniformly distributed. The average size of particles and grain size of (ZrB 2 +Al 2 O 3 ) np /AA6111 composites were refined to 45±10 nm and 50.4±12 μm, respectively. The maximum Vickers hardness, tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the composites synthesized under the optimized magnetic and ultrasonic fields were 142.2 HV, 355.4 MPa, 259.4 MPa and 22.4%, which were 1.34, 1.36, 1.35 and 1.33 times higher than that of AA6111 alloy, respectively.

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Identifying the Stages during Ultrasonic Processing that Reduce the Grain Size of Aluminum with Added Al3Ti1B Master Alloy

Abstract: The combined application of UST and Al3Ti1B grain

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Evolution of the As‐Cast Grain Microstructure of an Ultrasonically Treated Al–2Cu Alloy

Evolution of the As‐Cast Grain Microstructure of an Ultrasonically Treated Al–2Cu Alloy

The Poisoning Effect of Al and Be on Mg—1 wt.% Zr Alloy and the Role of Ultrasonic Treatment on Grain Refinement

Microstructures and properties of in-situ (ZrB₂ + Al₂O₃)_np/AA6111 composites synthesized under magnetic and ultrasonic fields

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Identifying the Stages during Ultrasonic Processing that Reduce the Grain Size of Aluminum with Added Al3Ti1B Master Alloy

Abstract: The combined application of UST and Al3Ti1B grain

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Evolution of the As‐Cast Grain Microstructure of an Ultrasonically Treated Al–2Cu Alloy

Evolution of the As‐Cast Grain Microstructure of an Ultrasonically Treated Al–2Cu Alloy

The Poisoning Effect of Al and Be on Mg—1 wt.% Zr Alloy and the Role of Ultrasonic Treatment on Grain Refinement

Microstructures and properties of in-situ (ZrB2 + Al2O3)np/AA6111 composites synthesized under magnetic and ultrasonic fields

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Product

Resources

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Microstructures and properties of in-situ (ZrB₂ + Al₂O₃)_np/AA6111 composites synthesized under magnetic and ultrasonic fields