Identity and Integration of Russian Speakers in the Baltic States: A Framework for Analysis

Cheskin, Ammon

doi:10.1080/17449057.2014.933051

Cited by 48 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…O'Loughlin (2001), Munro (2007), and Katchanovski (2006) found that pro-Russia sentiment is associated with age, and more recent studies (summarized in Armandon 2013) suggest that the majority of those aged 18 -29 support Ukraine joining the EU, even in the Donbas and in Crimea. This is probably what we can expect from this study too, although an increase in pro-Russian proclivities among the younger generations of Russian-speakers has been noted in the Baltics, which share some notable features of Ukraine's ethnic composition (Cheskin 2015;Koort 2014).…”

Section: Variablessupporting

confidence: 72%

West oriented in the East-oriented Donbas: a political stratigraphy of geopolitical identity in Luhansk, Ukraine

Gentile

2015

Post-Soviet Affairs

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Building on data from a survey (n ¼ 4000) conducted in the eastern Ukrainian city of Luhansk in late 2013, this article explores the link between national identity and foreign policy preferences in the Donbas, suggesting that they are increasingly conflated in distinct geopolitical identities. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression are used to compare the characteristics of pro-West and uncertain individuals with those of the pro-Russian/Soviet individuals, with preferences on North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and European Union (EU) accession underlying this distinction. The results show that geopolitical identities in Luhansk have a complex political stratigraphy that includes demographic, socioeconomic, cultural, and attitudinal components. The pro-West constituency is younger, not Russian but often including members of other ethnic groups, well educated, more tolerant toward sexual minorities, generally more satisfied with life, and it also speaks better English. Conversely, those with pro-Russia/Soviet geopolitical identities are older, Russian, low educated, less fluent in English, intolerant, and unsatisfied with their lives. Uncertainty is more randomly distributed among social groups, indicating different underlying causes related to the source of the respondents' uncertainty.

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Section: Variablessupporting

confidence: 72%

West oriented in the East-oriented Donbas: a political stratigraphy of geopolitical identity in Luhansk, Ukraine

Gentile

2015

Post-Soviet Affairs

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“…Nation, in this imaginary, is perceived ‘as a community of culture, imagined descent, and destiny that has a right to self-determination’ and does not necessarily coincide with the resident population of a state where this nation is dominant (Bauböck, 2005: 685). Institutional arrangements in the new Baltic states reflect this ethnonational imaginary as they were designed, particularly in Latvia and Estonia, to attend to the interests of the dominant ethnic group (Agarin, 2013; Cheskin, 2015).…”

Section: Historically Internal Migrants and Citizenship Lawsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Borders Migrate: Reconstructing the Category of ‘International Migrant’

Gorodzeisky

Leykin

2019

Sociology

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Using the Baltic states as an empirical example of a wider social problem of categorization and naming, this article explores the statistical categories of ‘international migrant/foreign-born’ population used in three major cross-national data sources (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Eurostat and The World Bank Indicators (WBI)). We argue that these seemingly politically neutral categories ignore historical processes of state formation and migration, and privilege the current ethnonational definition of the state. We demonstrate how, in regions with recent geopolitical changes, the international migrant category’s spatial and temporal constraints produce distorted population parameters, by marking those who have never crossed sovereign states’ borders as international migrants. In certain social contexts, applying the international migrant category to those who have never crossed international borders shapes and legitimizes restrictive citizenship policies and new forms of social exclusion. We further argue that, when uncritically adopting this category, transnational institutions assert territorial imaginaries embedded in ethnonational political discourses and legitimize exclusionary citizenship policies.

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“…In addition, recent studies show continuing ethnic polarisation in identity and value patterns; ethnic identity has become more important for the minority population and has received a central place in individuals' self-determination (Kalmus and Vihalemm 2017). Cheskin (2015), who investigated identity and integration patterns of Russian-speakers in the Baltic states, also indicated that cultural identification with Russia remains relatively strong as Russia maintains influence through media and the Russian language.…”

Section: Framing the Case Of Estoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

The neighbourhood context and changes in self-reported ethnic identity

Mägi

Ham

Leetmaa

et al. 2018

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

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Although many studies claim that the residential context is an important factor in shaping the ethnic identity of minorities, there are few studies which actually measure this relationship. This study contributes to filling this gap by investigating the relationship between the ethnic composition of neighbourhoods and changes in the self-reported ethnic identity of Russian-speaking minorities living in post-Soviet Estonia. Additionally, we observe Estonians who have changed their ethnic identity to Russian. We used data from the 2000 and 2011 Estonian censuses, which were geo-coded and linked at the individual level, enabling us to follow individuals over time. We estimated multi-level and fixed effects regression models to explore the relationship between the neighbourhood context and changes in ethnic identity. The main results show that ethnic minorities who live in majority-dominated neighbourhoods and regions, are the most likely to change their ethnic identity. We also show that members of the majority population who live in minority-dense neighbourhoods are more likely to change their ethnic identity than other majority group members. The results suggest that opportunities to meet people from other ethnic groups are important in processes of integration and assimilation, and it affects members of the majority and minority population alike.

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Identity and Integration of Russian Speakers in the Baltic States: A Framework for Analysis

Cited by 48 publications

References 55 publications

West oriented in the East-oriented Donbas: a political stratigraphy of geopolitical identity in Luhansk, Ukraine

West oriented in the East-oriented Donbas: a political stratigraphy of geopolitical identity in Luhansk, Ukraine

When Borders Migrate: Reconstructing the Category of ‘International Migrant’

The neighbourhood context and changes in self-reported ethnic identity

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