Idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis

Multifocal Fibrosclerosis as a Possible Cause of Panhypopituitarism with Central Diabetes Insipidus.

“…Pathological findings and clinical course, as mentioned above, led us to consider systemic fibrotic disease, first described by Barrett in 1958 [10] and named multifocal fibrosclerosis by Comings et al in 1967 [11], as a cause of orbital pseudotumor, chronic sinusitis, fibrous nodules of the lungs, pachymeningitis, and hypopituitarism with central DI in this patient.…”

Chronic active mediastinitis in a 7-year-old boy: MRI findings

“…Chronic fibrosing mediastinitis is usually secondary to previous granulomatous infection, the most common organism being Histoplasma capsulatum [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Studies have shown a peak incidence in young adults, with a slight male predominance [2][3][4][5].…”

“…Studies have shown a peak incidence in young adults, with a slight male predominance [2][3][4][5]. The pediatric age group is rarely affected [9].…”

Combined mediastinal and retroperitoneal fibrosis

“…Osler (1903) and Hume referred to superior vena caval obstruction due to chronic mediastinitis and quoted French writers as early as 1856. Barrett (1958) Though separated by half a century, both authors stress the collateral venous drainage that can develop via the azygos and hemi-azygos systems, through the superior intercostal veins, internal mammary veins, and paravertebral system to the tributaries of the inferior vena cava.…”