Idiopathic scoliosis. Mechanical properties of the respiratory system and the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide.

Kafer, Enid R.

doi:10.1172/jci108032

Cited by 59 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Although scoliosis in our patient population might be expected to affect HCVR, the MV-ETCO 2 response was not found to be affected by the scoliosis angle (severity) in a prior study [52], and the increase in MV in response to increasing ETCO 2 in our study mirrors previous reports in adolescents with scoliosis [53]. The negative association of MV with increasing morphine concentrations is in accordance with our premise that morphine causes a nonspecific decrease in the slope of rebreathing CO 2 -MV response slope [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase–morphine Interaction Influences Ventilatory Response to Hypercapnia and Postoperative Opioid Outcomes in Children

et al. 2016

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Aim: Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) degrades anandamide, an endogenous cannabinoid. We hypothesized that FAAH variants will predict risk of morphine-related adverse outcomes due to opioid-endocannabinoid interactions. Patients & methods:In 101 postsurgical adolescents receiving morphine analgesia, we prospectively studied ventilatory response to 5% CO 2 (HCVR), respiratory depression (RD) and vomiting. Blood was collected for genotyping and morphine pharmacokinetics. Results: We found significant FAAH-morphine interaction for missense (rs324420) and several regulatory variants, with HCVR (p < 0.0001) and vomiting (p = 0.0339). HCVR was more depressed in patients who developed RD compared with those who did not (p = 0.0034), thus FAAH-HCVR association predicts risk of impending RD from morphine use. Conclusion: FAAH genotypes predict risk for morphine-related adverse outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase–morphine Interaction Influences Ventilatory Response to Hypercapnia and Postoperative Opioid Outcomes in Children

et al. 2016

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“…The data presented in an earlier paper on the mechanical properties of the respiratory system and the ventilatory response to CO2 show that several factors may contribute to an impaired chemical regulation of ventilation and hence, by inference, impair compensation for ventilation-blood flow maldistribution (11). The slope of both the tidal volume and the minute ventilation response to CO2 were directly proportional to the VC, and the CG..…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Studies were performed on 51 patients with idiopathic scoliosis (14 male, 37 female) ( Table I). The methods and results of measurement of lung volumes, mechanical properties of the respiratory system, and the ventilatory response to CO2 have been reported in an earlier paper (11), as has the method of measurement of the angle of scoliosis. The patients were in their usual state of health, and they were asymptomatic except for dyspnea in some patients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study was combined with an examination of lung volumes, mechanical properties of the respiratory system, ventilatory response to C02 (which demonstrated associations between angle of scoliosis and lung volumes), and the elastic properties of the respiratory system, and between these variables and the slope and pattern of the ventilatory response to C02. There was also evidence of an agedependent decrease in the slope of the ventilatory response to C02 (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Idiopathic scoliosis. Gas exchange and the age dependence of arterial blood gases.

Kafer¹

1976

J. Clin. Invest.

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AB STRA CT The aims were to examine the gas exchange and arterial blood gas abnormalities among patients with scoliosis, and the correlation of these abnormalities with age and severity of deformity. Statistically significant correlations were as follows: the Paco2 and physiological dead space to tidal volume ratio increased with age, and the Pao2 and alveolar ventilation decreased with age. The Pao2, alveolar ventilation, and tidal volume were inversely related to the angle of scoliosis and directly related to the vital capacity, percent predicted vital capacity, and the compliance of the respiratory system. The physiological dead space to tidal volume ratio and the alveolar-arterial oxygen difference were inversely related to the vital capacity, percent predicted vital capacity, and the compliance of the respiratory system. Paco2 was directly related to the elastance of the respiratory system.We conclude that ventilation-blood flow maldistribution as a result of deformity of the rib cage was the primary abnormality in gas exchange, and that with age there was progressive deterioration in gas exchange. The age-dependent increase in Paco2 and decrease in alveolar ventilation were due to the increasing physiological dead space to tidal volume ratio and failure of a compensatory increase in ventilation.

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“…Cobb açısıyla volümlerde azalma arasında bir korelasyon vardır. Kafer ve arkadaşlarının çalışmasında Cobb açısının 100° olduğu durumda ortalama VC %53, TLC %64 bulunmuştur (34). Akciğer volümlerindeki azalmanın en önemli nedeni göğüs duvarı kompliyansının azalması olup inspiratuvar kasların mekanik dezavantajı, solunum kas gücünde azalma ve akciğer kompliyansında azalma gibi faktörler de eşlik edebilir (29).…”

Section: Restri̇kti̇f Hastaliklarda Akci̇ğer Volümleri̇unclassified

Lung Volumes

Saryal¹

2017

Bulletin of Thoracic Surgery

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Lung volumes are set by the elastic properties of lung parenchyma and surrounding tissues, alveolar surface tension, power generated by respiratory muscles, lung reflexes and properties of airways. Pressure-volume relationship between lungs and chest wall defines the properties of total lung capacity (TLC), functional residual capacity (FRF) and residual volume (RV). Lung volumes are measured by gas dilution methods such as helium dilution and nitrogen washout or directly by body plethysmography. Lung volume measurement provides important information about lung hyperinflation in obstructive lung diseases. Lung volumes are reduced in restrictive diseases which may be useful in the assessment of underlying disease. This review covers the physiology of static lung volumes, definitions, methods of measurement, assessment of pulmonary hyperinflation and restrictive ventilatory defect. Keywords: Lung volumes, pulmonary hyperinflation, restrictive ventilatory defect ÖzetAkciğerler ve intratorasik hava yollarında bulunan hava volümü akciğer parankimi ve onu çevreleyen organ ve dokuların elastik özellikleri, yüzey gerilimi, solunum kaslarının oluşturduğu güç, akciğer refleksleri ve hava yollarına ait özellikler tarafından belirlenir. Total akciğer kapasitesi (TLC), fonksiyonel rezidüel kapasite (FRC) ve rezidüel volüm (RV) akciğerler ve göğüs duvarının basınç-volüm ilişkisiyle tanımlanır. Akciğer volümleri helyum dilüsyon ve nitrojen washout gibi gaz dilüsyon yöntemleri ya da doğrudan vücut pletismografisiyle ölçülebilir. Akciğer volümlerinin ölçümü obstrüktif akciğer hastalıklarında pulmoner hiperinflasyon gelişimi konusunda yararlı bilgiler verebilir. Akciğer volümleri restriktif hastalıklarda azalır ve altta yatan hastalığın değerlendirilmesinde yararlı olabilir. Bu derlemede statik akciğer volümlerinin fizyolojik özellikleri, tanı-mı, ölçüm metotları, pulmoner hiperinflasyon ve restriktif ventilatuvar defekt kavramları ele alınmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Akciğer volümleri, pulmoner hiperinflasyon, restriktif ventilatuvar defekt GİRİŞAkciğer volümleri statik ve dinamik akciğer volümleri olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Statik akciğer volümleri manevraların zamanla ilişkilendirilmeden tamamlanması esasına dayanır, dinamik akciğer volümleri ise zorlu inspirasyon ve ekspirasyon manevraları sırasında alınan ölçümlerden elde edilir. STATİK AKCİĞER VOLÜMLERİ Fizyolojik ÖzelliklerAkciğerler ve intratorasik hava yollarında bulunan hava volümü akciğer parankimi ve onu çevreleyen organ ve dokuların elastik özellikleri, yüzey gerilimi, solunum kaslarının oluşturduğu güç, akciğer refleksleri ve hava yollarına ait özellikler tarafından belirlenmektedir (1). Solunum sisteminin statik mekanik özellikleri akciğer ve göğüs duvarının etkileşimiyle belirlenir. Tidal solunum sırasında akciğerler ve göğüs duvarı arasındaki etkileşim akciğer volümlerini belirleyen en önemli faktördür. Pulmoner sistemde basınç ve volüm ilişkisi lineer değildir (Şekil 1).Total sistemin basınç-volüm ilişkisi akciğerler ve göğüs duvarına ait basınçların cebirsel...

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Idiopathic scoliosis. Mechanical properties of the respiratory system and the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide.

Cited by 59 publications

References 38 publications

Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase–morphine Interaction Influences Ventilatory Response to Hypercapnia and Postoperative Opioid Outcomes in Children

Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase–morphine Interaction Influences Ventilatory Response to Hypercapnia and Postoperative Opioid Outcomes in Children

Idiopathic scoliosis. Gas exchange and the age dependence of arterial blood gases.

Lung Volumes

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