IEEE 802.22: the first worldwide wireless standard based on cognitive radios

Cordeiro, Carlos; Challapali, K.; Birru, D.; Shankar, N. Sai

doi:10.1109/dyspan.2005.1542649

Cited by 596 publications

(343 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…For example, in TV channels, TID is 2 seconds [3]. Therefore, the CR that is using the PU's channel, should stop using that channel and sense (monitor) the PU every TID.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-layer routing protocol (CLRP) for cognitive radio network

Saifan

Kamal

Guan

2013

2013 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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Abstract-Routing in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) necessitates a cross-layering approach. However, according to [1], CRN routing protocols proposed in literature are partially cross-layer, because the information flow is only from physical layer to network layer, e.g., about channels availabilities. In this work, we introduce a cross-layer routing protocol (CLRP), which considers both the channels that are known to be available at each node, as well as other channels that may be available. The availabilities of the latter channels are considered using a stochastic approach. CLRP computes an end to end path, and feeds the physical layer with information about which channels to sense and which nodes should perform the sensing, such that the expected route quality is enhanced. Simulation results show that CLRP outperforms other cross-layer routing protocols in terms of throughput and stability of the path being setup, and increases the probability of finding an end-to-end path.

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“…For example, in TV channels, TID is 2 seconds [3]. Therefore, the CR that is using the PU's channel, should stop using that channel and sense (monitor) the PU every TID.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-layer routing protocol (CLRP) for cognitive radio network

Saifan

Kamal

Guan

2013

2013 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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“…These bands are chosen because the broadcast television spectrum is very sparsely used and it has very good propagation characteristics. The primary users who should be protected in these frequency bands are the television broadcasters and viewers, Wireless microphone users in concerts, private land mobile radio services and commercial mobile radio services [24]. In this standard minimum planned downstream data rate is 1.5…”

Section: Applications Of Cognitive Radiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In km [24]. The VHF and the UHF spectrum bands are released for the purpose of making of rules for this standard.…”

Section: Applications Of Cognitive Radiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Channel Access in Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Variable Order Markov Models

Devanarayana

Alfa

2011

2011 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference - GLOBECOM 2011

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The concept of Cognitive radio enables the unlicensed users to share the spectrum with licensed users, on the condition that the licensed users have preemptive priority. The use of the channel by unlicensed users should not result in more than acceptable interference level to the licensed users, if interference occurs. The sense and react strategy by unlicensed users sometimes does not lead to acceptable level of interference while maintaining an acceptable data transfer rate for the unlicensed users.Proactive channel access has been proposed for the purpose of reducing the interference to primary users and to reduce the idle channel search delay for the secondary users. There are many methods used in the literature to model the channel state fluctuations. Based on these models the future channel states are predicted.In this thesis we introduce a predictive channel usage scheme which is capable of reducing the interference caused by the unlicensed users. Furthermore our scheme is capable of increasing the data rates the unlicensed users experience through the reduction of the idle channel identification delay. In our scheme no assumptions are made about the distribution of licensed user channel usage. We learn the traffic characteristics of the channels using a learning scheme called Probabilistic Suffix Tree algorithm.iii

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“…TV broadcasting spectrum bands, also known as TV white spaces (TVWS), have been suggested for wireless broadband access due to the abundant and currently underutilized spectrum resources at VHF/UHF bands and its better penetration property, with new standards introduced, such as IEEE 802.11af [40] and IEEE 802.22 [73]. Due to the licenseexempt (unlicensed) technologies, i.e., the sharing of radio spectrum among users and Internet service providers, wireless access over TVWS is named "super WiFi".…”

Section: Tv White Spaces and Super Wifimentioning

confidence: 99%