IgM antibodies to cytomegalovirus during pregnancy

Kampa, Danielle; Schmitz, Herbert; Doerr, Hans Wilhelm; Luthardt, Th.; Hillemanns, H G; Wurtele, A

doi:10.1007/bf01314662

Cited by 45 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For example, it is known that CMV is activated during pregnancy [Schmitz et al, 1977] and this was also considered for HPV [Chang-Claude et al, 1996;Smith et al, 1991]. This would agree with the finding that the prevalence of AAV IgG antibodies is much higher in pregnant women compared to women of the same age group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Update on the prevalence of serum antibodies (IgG and IgM) to adeno-associated virus (AAV)

Erles¹,

Sebökovà²,

Schlehofer³

1999

J. Med. Virol.

313

214

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In view of presumed non-pathogenicity, tumor suppressive properties, and site-specific integration of the viral genome the human parvovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV) has gained great interest as a gene transduction vector. Data on the seroprevalence of antibodies to AAV vary between reports, probably due to the different serological methods used. In order to understand better the immune response to AAV during natural infection, sera from different age groups and various geographical regions were compared for AAV antibodies using an ELISA. The data show that the prevalence of antibodies to AAV is similar in Europe (Germany, France, and Switzerland), Brazil, and Japan, indicating worldwide infection. It was confirmed that infection takes place during childhood. However, declining seropositivity thereafter and a second increase of seropositivity after 30 years of age suggests reinfection or reactivation of latent virus in particular as the prevalence of IgM antibodies in adults is relatively high. Furthermore, pregnant women were found to be significantly more frequently seropositive than non-pregnant controls, hinting at a reactivation of persistent AAV (up to 80% of women carry AAV in genital tissue) in specific hormonal conditions, e.g., pregnancy. Cross-reaction of serum antibodies with the different AAV types (defined by complement fixation) was observed by ELISA and neutralization tests confirming earlier results. The results suggest an unstable AAV antibody response allowing lifelong reinfection or reactivation of persisting virus possibly due to partial immunotolerance after an infection in utero, at delivery or during early infancy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Update on the prevalence of serum antibodies (IgG and IgM) to adeno-associated virus (AAV)

Erles¹,

Sebökovà²,

Schlehofer³

1999

J. Med. Virol.

313

214

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“…titre in the third trimester. Schmitz et al (1977) in Freiburg using the fluorescence technique found specific IgM in 7 % of the 629 patients studied by them, a rate higher than that found by us. They explain this high incidence by an increased rate of CMV reactivations during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Identification of pregnancies at risk from cytomegalovirus infection

Silva

Kampfner

Lister

et al. 1977

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYThe fluorescent antibody technique was used for the identification of specific cytomegalovirus IgM in the sera of twenty-four of 1065 unmarried pregnant women. Seventeen of them were followed to term and five infected infants were identified. Two other infants had CMV IgM in neonatal serum samples but virus excretion was not demonstrated. The congenital infection rate in this study was 5-3 per 1000 births by virus excretion and 7'9 per 1000 if cases with specific IgM are included; from previous studies a rate of 8*8 per 1000 was expected. The reasons for the lack of relationship between specific IgM in the mothers' serum and infected babies is discussed.

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“…Data on the elinicM significance of either primary or recurrent infections have been accumulated during prospective studies where the immune response could be tested prior to onset of an acute CMV infection. In these studies a close correlation was found between primary CMV infections and severe clinical symptoms including rnMformations in pregnancy (3,9,13,14). However, with most CMV patients serum specimens are only available during the first or second week after the onset of symptoms and seroconversions are rarely observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Two sera obtained from two pregnant women after seroeonversion to CMV during pregnancy (9) were also included in this study.…”

Section: Patients and Serum Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differentiation between primary and recurrent cytomegalovirus infections

Schmitz

Mohr

Majoubi

1986

Archives of Virology

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Two blocking tests were applied simultaneously to detect antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in human serum specimens. Two different peroxidase-labelled tracers were prepared from human sera taken either early during a primary CMV infection or late after recurrent infection. Sera of acute primary CMV cases effectively competed with the labelled antibodies of the "early" tracer but a rather weak inhibition was observed with the "late" tracer. Sera of cases with recurrent infection strongly inhibited both tracers. Immunoblot experiments were carried out to explain the mechanism of this differential inhibition.

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IgM antibodies to cytomegalovirus during pregnancy

Cited by 45 publications

References 14 publications

Update on the prevalence of serum antibodies (IgG and IgM) to adeno-associated virus (AAV)

Update on the prevalence of serum antibodies (IgG and IgM) to adeno-associated virus (AAV)

Identification of pregnancies at risk from cytomegalovirus infection

Differentiation between primary and recurrent cytomegalovirus infections

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